The Use of Granulated Copper Slag as Cement Replacement in High-Performance Concrete

Abstract

This research studies the use of waste copper slag as a cement replacement in high-performance concrete (HPC). To obtain two level of fineness, the copper slag was milled using a ball mill. A mixture was prepared with different percentages of copper slag ranging from 0% to 40% in steps of 10%. To obtain the desired workability, a superplasticizer was used for the mixture using water to cement ratio of 0.3. Specific surface area (SSA) of the copper slag was assessed using the Blaine permeability test. The results obtained, showed that the strength of concretes with different copper slag proportions was comparable to or even better than the reference mixture at 56 days. The heavy metal content of copper slag can be solidified/stabilized in concrete, since they did not exceed the Indonesian Environmentally Regulation on the Management of the Waste of Hazardous.