Determination and Evaluation of the Cooling Load of a Building Made by Different Local Material of Construction

Abstract

This paper aims to describe a passive approach to reduce the energy demand for an existing building and can be made through an improvement of the design of the thermal envelope. The essential article goal is to simulate thermal construction responses in dependence on changing different materials of the construction of the building and also with less energy usage to design a more effective cooling system. In this approach, we simulate the building with different materials: three local materials (compressed earth, lateritic, and raw material) and one modern (Hollow cement) used in Burkina Faso and an energy analysis of the building has been carried out. The numerical optimization of the building design has been performed dynamically for these four materials using the COMSOL multiphysics simulation tool. The model treated is determining the internal temperature and cooling demand concerning a tertiary building in Burkina Faso like a classroom, which is located in a hot and dry climate to improve the indoor quality of the classroom knowing the importance of the thermal comfort in the room for socio-economic performance efficiency and well-being. The analysis result of these four materials shows that energy can be saved if we use local materials instead of the modern one because around 4KW of energy can be saving with local materials. The use of local materials in the building design can be an option for reducing the heat transfer into the room and at the same time the energy consumption.