A falácia da adequação da cobertura dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial no estado do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Introduction: Analysis of the results of the ongoing expansion of the Brazilian public mental health care network has used the indicator of coverage offered by Psychosocial Care Centers (Centros de Atencao Psicossocial, CAPS), which considers the rate of one CAPS per 100,000 inhabitants to be adequate, as its outcome measure. The state of Rio Grande do Sul ranks third in nationwide CAPS coverage standings, with 0.7 centers per 100,000 inhabitants. The present study sought to assess the variability of coverage in different regions in order to verify the representativeness of the overall coverage rate. Method: We used data collected from the National Database of Health Facilities (Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saude, CNES) and 2009 population data made available at the website of the Ministry of Health Department of Information Technology. We calculated 19 coverage indicators, one for each health region, and computed a coverage rate based on the ratio between the actual indicator and the expected indicator according to the population of each region. Results: Analysis of the variability of coverage for each region showed that seven regions had inadequate coverage, with 49% of the state population receiving inadequate coverage. Conclusion: This study showed that the use of an overall rate for mental health care coverage can be considered a fallacy, as it fails to represent regional realities; roughly half of the regions with excessive coverage masked the regions with poor coverage. This finding suggests that analysis of care coverage must be broken down into geographic areas, in order to identify regional needs and provide support for equal expansion of the community mental health care network for users living in different geographic areas.