Comprehensive utilization of activated sludge for the preparation of hydrolytic enzymes, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and water-retaining organic fertilizer

He Ni, Xiao-Min Fan, Haojia Guo, Jianrong Liang, Qing-Rong Li, Liu Yang, Hui Li, Haihang Li
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引用次数: 14

Abstract

ABSTRACT The urban wastewater treatment industry produces a large amount of excess activated sludge which is mainly composed of microbial biomass and costly to be disposed. In this research, a comprehensive utilization of activated sludge was developed by sequentially extracting hydrolytic enzymes and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), and the residue was used to prepare water-retaining organic fertilizer. The sludge was extracted with fourfold H2O-containing 1% Triton X-100 with the yield of 66.7% protease activity. The enzyme solution was precipitated in 80% acetone and vacuum dried at 40°C at the dried enzyme yield of 2.4 g/kg wet sludge. The enzyme product contains collagenase, lipase, amylase, and cellulase activities, which are good compound enzymes to feed. The PHAs were extracted with 30% sodium hypoclorite:chloroform (1:3). The PHA solution was decolored and dried, and pure white PHAs were obtained at the yield of 70.1 g/kg wet sludge. The residue was used to prepare water-retaining organic fertilizer at the optimal condition. The fertilizer absorbs 131.3-fold distilled water and had good performance in water retention and can effectively slow down the loss of soil moisture when added into soil. This work provides a simple and practical approach for comprehensive utilizing activated sludge with significant economic benefits.
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综合利用活性污泥制备水解酶、聚羟基烷酸酯和保水有机肥
城市污水处理行业产生了大量过量的活性污泥,这些污泥主要由微生物生物量组成,处理成本很高。本研究通过顺序提取水解酶和聚羟基烷酸酯(PHAs),开发了活性污泥的综合利用,并将其残渣用于制备保水性有机肥。用四倍水(含1% Triton X-100)提取污泥,蛋白酶活性为66.7%。酶液在80%丙酮中沉淀,40℃真空干燥,干燥后酶产率为2.4 g/kg湿污泥。该酶产品含有胶原酶、脂肪酶、淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性,是较好的饲料复合酶。采用30%次氯酸钠:氯仿(1:3)萃取相芳烃。将PHA溶液脱色干燥,湿污泥产率为70.1 g/kg,得到纯白色PHA。在最佳条件下,将其渣用于制备保水性有机肥。该肥料对蒸馏水的吸收率为蒸馏水的131.3倍,保水性能好,加入土壤后能有效减缓土壤水分的流失。本研究为活性污泥的综合利用提供了一条简单实用的途径,经济效益显著。
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