Effects of GW9508 small molecule on oxidative stress enzymes in colorectal cancer and non-cancerous HUVEC cells

Abstract

Background: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of GW9508 as an unsaturated fatty acid on inducing oxidative stress in HT-29 cancer cell line and non-cancer HUVEC cells. Materials and methods: The effects of GW9508 on cell viability were determined by performing MTT assay after 1, 3 and 5 days. The anti-oxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzymes' assay was performed to evaluate the apoptosis. Moreover, inverted microscope and DAPI staining were applied to measure the changes in cell and nucleus morphology. Results: The IC50 dose of GW9508 was 500 μM in both cancer and normal cells. Results of enzymatic activity assay exhibited the increscent of activity of catalase and SOD in treated cells led to promoting apoptosis in cells. The amount of activities of SOD and catalase in HT-29 treated cells that were calculated 1.254 and 0.338 mU/mg respectively, which had a significant increase compared to activities of these two enzymes in control cells (0.85 and 0.206 mU/mg, respectively) (p≤0.05). There was also a significant increase in the activities of SOD and catalase in HUVEC treated cells (1.111 and 0.517 mU/mg) compared to the activities of the two enzymes in the control group, which were calculated 0.755 and 0.184 mU/mg, respectively. Conclusion: GW9508 small molecule induces oxidative stress and ROS production in HT-29 and HUVEC cells, leading to cytotoxicity and thus promoting apoptotic cell death in cancer cells. However, these effects are contingent upon dose and the type of cell lineages.