Effect of Thermo-Physical Properties on Multiphase Flow Modeling

D. D. Erickson, Matthew Michael Farrell Pusard
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Abstract

An important, but relatively unexplored topic in multiphase flow modelling is the effect of thermos-physical properties on multiphase models. This is relevant in the context of 1-D modelling of large multiphase systems such as pipelines from subsea wellheads to the onshore processing facility. Millions are spent on multiphase flow simulation models, but not enough attention is given to the thermophysical models which can affect the results just as much as multiphase flow correlations. A wide variety of field data have been compared to various multiphase models. More often, the multiphase flow model needs custom "Tuning" of the thermophysical properties to closely match the production data from the field. In this presentation, we discuss the impact of water content, composition of hydrocarbons, gas to oil ratio (GOR), surface tension, liquid density, and fluid enthalpy. Typically, improving accuracy of these properties will increase the prediction of multiphase models significantly. For example, error in the temperature prediction can be reduced from 10 C to 1 C, pressure uncertainties from 25% to 5%, and liquid holdup from 30% to 10%.This presentation will present examples of each using field data, before and after this improvement. This paper will also discuss using four different equations of state (EOS) for the calculations of different properties: phase equilibrium, gas density, liquid density, and enthalpy departures. This approach is used instead of the traditional approach of using 1 cubic EOD for all properties. This talk will also present error uncertainty bands for some commercial thermodynamic simulators and their corresponding impact on the multiphase flow predictions. Among all the properties mentioned above, surface tension needs particular attention since most of the multiphase models use it as a parameters. However, it is seldom measured for most of the hydrocarbon systems. Off-the-shelf thermodynamic simulators are not able to predict the surface tension accurately because of the variable content of naturally-existing surfactants in the hydrocarbon fluids. Hence, through this presentation, we raise the question if this is the limitation of the multiphase models for design, especially since most multiphase flow correlations have not been compared over a wide range of surface tensions.
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热物性对多相流建模的影响
在多相流模型中,热物理性质对多相流模型的影响是一个重要但相对未被探索的课题。这与大型多相系统(如从海底井口到陆上处理设施的管道)的1-D建模相关。在多相流模拟模型上花费了大量的资金,但是对热物理模型的关注不够,而热物理模型对结果的影响与多相流的相关性一样大。各种各样的现场数据与各种多相模型进行了比较。更多情况下,多相流模型需要定制“调整”热物理性质,以与现场的生产数据紧密匹配。在本报告中,我们讨论了含水量、碳氢化合物组成、气油比(GOR)、表面张力、液体密度和流体焓的影响。通常,提高这些性质的准确性将显著提高多相模型的预测能力。例如,温度预测误差可从10℃降至1℃,压力不确定性可从25%降至5%,液含率可从30%降至10%。本演示将展示在改进之前和之后使用字段数据的示例。本文还将讨论使用四种不同的状态方程(EOS)来计算不同的性质:相平衡,气体密度,液体密度和焓偏离。该方法取代了传统的1立方EOD方法。本讲座还将介绍一些商用热力学模拟器的误差不确定带及其对多相流预测的相应影响。在上述所有性质中,表面张力需要特别注意,因为大多数多相模型都将其作为参数。然而,对于大多数烃类体系,很少进行测量。由于烃类流体中天然存在的表面活性剂含量变化,现有的热力学模拟器无法准确预测表面张力。因此,通过这次演讲,我们提出了一个问题,如果这是多相模型设计的局限性,特别是因为大多数多相流相关性没有在广泛的表面张力范围内进行比较。
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