Ecological constraints associated with genome size across salamander lineages

Gavia Lertzman-Lepofsky, A. Mooers, D. Greenberg
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引用次数: 23

Abstract

Salamanders have some of the largest, and most variable, genome sizes among the vertebrates. Larger genomes have been associated with larger cell sizes, lower metabolic rates, and longer embryonic and larval durations in many different taxonomic groups. These life-history traits are often important for dictating fitness under different environmental conditions, suggesting that a species' genome size may have the potential to constrain its ecological distribution. We test how genome size varies with the ephemerality of larval habitat across the salamanders, predicting that species with larger genomes will be constrained to more permanent habitats that permit slower development, while species with smaller genomes will be more broadly distributed across the gradient of habitat ephemerality. We found that salamanders with larger genomes are almost exclusively associated with permanent aquatic habitats. In addition, the evolutionary transition rate between permanent and ephemeral larval habitats is much higher in salamander lineages with smaller genome sizes. These patterns suggest that genome size may act as an evolutionary constraint on the ecological habitats of salamanders, restricting those species with large genomes and slower development to habitats with permanent sources of water.
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与蝾螈谱系基因组大小相关的生态约束
在脊椎动物中,蝾螈的基因组大小是最大的,也是最多变的。在许多不同的分类群体中,更大的基因组与更大的细胞大小、更低的代谢率以及更长的胚胎和幼虫持续时间有关。这些生活史特征对于决定在不同环境条件下的适应性通常很重要,这表明一个物种的基因组大小可能有限制其生态分布的潜力。我们测试了整个蝾螈的基因组大小是如何随着幼虫栖息地的短暂性而变化的,预测基因组较大的物种将被限制在更永久的栖息地,允许更慢的发育,而基因组较小的物种将更广泛地分布在栖息地短暂性的梯度上。我们发现,基因组较大的蝾螈几乎只与永久的水生栖息地有关。此外,在基因组大小较小的蝾螈谱系中,永久和短暂幼虫栖息地之间的进化过渡率要高得多。这些模式表明,基因组大小可能对蝾螈的生态栖息地起着进化限制作用,将那些基因组大、发育较慢的物种限制在有永久水源的栖息地。
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