Simulation of Isolated and Installed Jet Noise at Mach = 0.9: Influence of Numerical Mesh and Physical Insights

IF 2.4 3区工程技术 Q3 MECHANICS Flow, Turbulence and Combustion Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI:10.1007/s10494-023-00461-y

Maxime Huet, Fabien Gand, Gilles Rahier

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Abstract

The noise radiated by an isothermal, single-stream jet with a Mach number M = 0.9 and diameter-based Reynolds number Re_D = 10⁶ is investigated numerically without and with the presence of a flat plate. Noise sources are predicted with Zonal Detached Eddy Simulations yielding Wall Modelled LES in attached boundary layers (so called ZDES mode 3) together with turbulence tripping inside the nozzle to recover an initially turbulent flow, while radiated pressure is extrapolated with integral methods. Numerical methodology, namely grid and statistical convergence of the signals, is assessed for the isolated jet. Noise levels are accurately simulated at least up to St = 8 and integrated pressure levels collapse within 1 dB with the experiments. In the presence of the plate, a noise radiation methodology based on both Ffowcs Williams Hawkings and Kirchhoff integral methods is proposed to reconstruct the pressure signals at microphone locations with a reduced numerical cost. The simulation compares very favorably with the experimental data, azimuthal noise variations induced by the plate are correctly captured and noise levels collapse within 1 dB. It is concluded the numerical methodology is mature enough for application in an industrial context.

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马赫数 = 0.9 时隔离和安装喷气噪声的模拟：数值网格和物理洞察力的影响

对马赫数 M = 0.9 和基于直径的雷诺数 ReD = 106 的等温单流射流辐射噪声进行了数值研究，其中没有平板，也有平板的存在。噪声源是通过附着边界层中的带状分离涡模拟和壁面模拟 LES（即 ZDES 模式 3）以及喷嘴内部的湍流绊动来预测的，以恢复初始湍流，同时辐射压力是通过积分法推算的。对孤立喷流的数值方法，即网格和信号统计收敛进行了评估。至少在 St = 8 的情况下，噪声水平得到了精确模拟，综合压力水平与实验结果的折叠在 1 dB 以内。在板的存在下，提出了一种基于 Ffowcs Williams Hawkings 和 Kirchhoff 积分法的噪声辐射方法，以降低数值成本重建传声器位置的压力信号。模拟结果与实验数据相比非常理想，正确捕捉到了由平板引起的方位角噪声变化，噪声水平折叠在 1 dB 以内。结论是该数值方法已经足够成熟，可以应用于工业领域。

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来源期刊

Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 工程技术-力学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

8.30%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Flow, Turbulence and Combustion provides a global forum for the publication of original and innovative research results that contribute to the solution of fundamental and applied problems encountered in single-phase, multi-phase and reacting flows, in both idealized and real systems. The scope of coverage encompasses topics in fluid dynamics, scalar transport, multi-physics interactions and flow control. From time to time the journal publishes Special or Theme Issues featuring invited articles. Contributions may report research that falls within the broad spectrum of analytical, computational and experimental methods. This includes research conducted in academia, industry and a variety of environmental and geophysical sectors. Turbulence, transition and associated phenomena are expected to play a significant role in the majority of studies reported, although non-turbulent flows, typical of those in micro-devices, would be regarded as falling within the scope covered. The emphasis is on originality, timeliness, quality and thematic fit, as exemplified by the title of the journal and the qualifications described above. Relevance to real-world problems and industrial applications are regarded as strengths.