Wireless Sensor Networks Localization

Abstract

Localization is a fundamental problem in wireless sensor networks. Localization means the determination of geographical locations of sensor nodes, consequently detecting the event location and to initiate a prompt action whenever necessary. The localization process passes with three phases distance and/or angle estimation phase, position phase and algorithm phase. There are many techniques can be used in each phase, some of these techniques may add additional devices, cost, power consumption, or delay to the network. This chapter includes a classification and overview of the most popular localization techniques in each phase, also high lighting the problems of these techniques and their solutions in such a way that helps in understanding localization concepts especially with respect to WSN localization.