Impact of Sugars on Hypothalamic Satiety Pathways and Its Contribution to Dysmetabolic States

IF 2.4 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Diabetology Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI:10.3390/diabetology4010001
Adriana M Capucho, S. Conde
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Abstract

Food behaviour is a complex and multifaceted cooperation between physiologic, psychological, social, and genetic factors, influencing meal timing, amount of food intake, food preferences, and food selections. Deregulation of the neurobiological mechanisms controlling food behaviour underlies the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes, two epidemics of the present century. Several brain nuclei are involved in the regulation of the different components of food behaviours; the hypothalamus is the key in controlling appetite and energy homeostasis. In this review, we will explain the role of the hypothalamus in the control of food intake and its interplay with other brain nuclei important in food behaviour. We will also highlight the deregulation of satiety pathways in type 2 diabetes and obesity and the mechanisms behind this deregulation. Finally, knowing that there are different categories of sugars and that they differently impact food behaviours, we will review in a concise manner the studies referring to the effects of sugars in satiety and reward pathways and their impacts on metabolic diseases.
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糖对下丘脑饱腹感通路的影响及其对代谢异常状态的贡献
食物行为是生理、心理、社会和遗传因素之间复杂和多方面的合作,影响着进餐时间、食物摄入量、食物偏好和食物选择。对控制食物行为的神经生物学机制的放松管制,是本世纪两种流行病——肥胖和2型糖尿病发展的基础。几个脑核参与调节食物行为的不同组成部分;下丘脑是控制食欲和能量平衡的关键。在这篇综述中,我们将解释下丘脑在控制食物摄入中的作用及其与其他在食物行为中重要的脑核的相互作用。我们还将强调在2型糖尿病和肥胖症中解除饱腹感通路以及解除饱腹感通路背后的机制。最后,了解到有不同种类的糖以及它们对食物行为的不同影响,我们将以简洁的方式回顾糖在饱腹感和奖励途径中的作用及其对代谢疾病的影响的研究。
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