Determinants of Dietary Diversity Practice among Pregnant Women in the Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2021: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

IF 1.6 Q3 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY Obstetrics and Gynecology International Pub Date : 2022-05-09 DOI:10.1155/2022/8086793
Tolesa Gemeda Gudeta, Ayana Benti Terefe, Girma Teferi Mengistu, Seboka Abebe Sori
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Background Dietary diversification is considered the proxy indicator of dietary quality and nutrient adequacy during pregnancy. Pregnant women have been considered susceptible to malnutrition because of their increased nutrient demands and thus consuming a variety of foods in their diet plays a lion's role in ensuring adequate nutrient intake. So understanding bottleneck factors associated with dietary diversity practice is very crucial to encouraging adequate dietary diversity practice. Therefore, this paper aimed to assess determinants of dietary diversity practice among pregnant women in the Gurage zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 726 pregnant women, 13 key informants, and 27 focus group discussion discussants in the Gurage zone, southwest Ethiopia, from 1 September to 1 November 2021. A face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. According to the Minimum Dietary Diversity Score for Women (MDD-W) tool, women who consumed more than or equal to 5 of 10 food groups in the previous 24 hours had a diverse diet. Epi data version 3.1 was used for data entry, while SPSSversion 26 was used for analysis. To determine factors associated with dietary diversity, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to obtain crude odds ratio (COR), adjusted odds ratios (AOR), and 95 percent confidence intervals (CIs). Statistical significance was determined using adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95 percent confidence intervals (CIs) and p values less than 0.05. In narrative form, qualitative results were triangulated with quantitative data. Results The overall prevalence of the adequate dietary diversity practice was found to be 42.1% with 95% CI (48.4–46.1%) and the mean dietary diversity score was 5.30 ± 1.49 standard deviation (SD). Multivariable analysis revealed that primary school level [AOR = 6.471 (2.905, 12.415)], secondary school level (9–12) [AOR = 7.169 (4.001, 12.846)], college and above level [AOR = 32.27 (15.044, 69.221)], women with higher empowerment [AOR = 3.497 (2.301, 5.315)], women with a favorable attitude toward dietary diversity [AOR = 1.665 (1.095, 2.529)], women from wealthier households [AOR = 2.025 (1.252, 3.278)], and having well-secured food status [AOR = 3.216 (1.003, 10.308)] were variables that influence dietary diversity practice. Three FGD and 13 key informant interviews were conducted, and the results of qualitative data generated three major themes. Conclusion The overall prevalence of adequate dietary diversity practice was found to be low in this study when compared to studies conducted in Ethiopia. Maternal educations, mothers' attitudes toward dietary diversity, women empowerment, food security status, and wealth index level of the household were determinant factors that influence dietary diversity practice in this study. Therefore, programs aimed to improve pregnant women's dietary diversity practice should focus on improving the socioeconomic status and creating a congenial environment to promote women's empowerment.
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2021年埃塞俄比亚南部古拉格地区孕妇饮食多样性实践的决定因素:基于社区的横断面研究
膳食多样化被认为是妊娠期膳食质量和营养充足性的替代指标。孕妇被认为容易营养不良,因为她们对营养的需求增加,因此在饮食中摄入各种各样的食物在确保足够的营养摄入方面起着重要作用。因此,了解与饮食多样性实践相关的瓶颈因素对于鼓励适当的饮食多样性实践至关重要。因此,本文旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西南部古拉格地区孕妇饮食多样性实践的决定因素。方法于2021年9月1日至11月1日在埃塞俄比亚西南部古拉格地区对726名孕妇、13名关键信息提供者和27名焦点小组讨论者进行了基于社区的横断面分析研究。采用面对面访谈问卷收集数据。根据女性最低饮食多样性评分(MDD-W)工具,在过去24小时内食用超过或等于10种食物中的5种的女性具有多样化的饮食。数据录入使用Epi数据3.1版本,分析使用spss26版本。为了确定与饮食多样性相关的因素,使用双变量和多变量logistic回归模型获得粗优势比(COR)、调整优势比(AOR)和95%置信区间(CIs)。采用校正优势比(AORs)确定统计学显著性,95%置信区间(ci)和p值小于0.05。在叙述形式中,定性结果与定量数据进行三角测量。结果膳食多样性实践的总体患病率为42.1%,95% CI(48.4 ~ 46.1%),平均膳食多样性评分为5.30±1.49标准差(SD)。多变量分析显示,小学水平[AOR = 6.471(2.905, 12.415)]、中学水平(9-12)[AOR = 7.169(4.001, 12.846)]、大专及以上水平[AOR = 32.27(15.044, 69.221)]、权能较高的女性[AOR = 3.497(2.301, 5.315)]、对膳食多样性持良好态度的女性[AOR = 1.665(1.095, 2.529)]、家庭较富裕的女性[AOR = 2.025(1.252, 3.278)]、食物状况较好的女性[AOR = 3.216 (1.003,10.308)]是影响饮食多样性实践的变量。进行了三次FGD和13个关键信息提供者访谈,定性数据的结果产生了三个主要主题。结论:与在埃塞俄比亚进行的研究相比,本研究中膳食多样性实践的总体流行率较低。母亲受教育程度、母亲对饮食多样性的态度、妇女赋权、粮食安全状况和家庭财富指数水平是影响本研究饮食多样性实践的决定因素。因此,旨在改善孕妇饮食多样性实践的项目应侧重于改善社会经济地位和创造适宜的环境,以促进妇女赋权。
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来源期刊
Obstetrics and Gynecology International
Obstetrics and Gynecology International OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY-
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: Obstetrics and Gynecology International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that aims to provide a forum for scientists and clinical professionals working in obstetrics and gynecology. The journal publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies related to obstetrics, maternal-fetal medicine, general gynecology, gynecologic oncology, uro-gynecology, reproductive medicine and infertility, reproductive endocrinology, and sexual medicine.
期刊最新文献
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