ADAPTIVE ABILITY VARIETIES OF SOY UNDER DIFFERENT GROWING CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies evaluating soybean varieties for adaptability in different soil and climatic conditions in terms of grain productivity, the duration of the "seedling-flowering" interphase period, and the weight of 1,000 seeds. Soybean varieties were ranked according to plasticity and stability according to their response to environmental factors.Soybean varieties Hoverla, Artemis and Amethyst, according to the results of calculations of plasticity (bі) and stability (Si²) indicators, belonged to the fifth rank in terms of grain productivity. Therefore, it can be argued that these varieties have better results under favorable growing conditions and are stable, they need to be grown in conditions of increased agricultural culture.Shifting the flowering of soybeans to an earlier period, while preserving the overall length of the growing season, makes it possible to increase drought resistance due to the early transition to the critical water consumption generative phase.The shortest interphase germination-flowering period in terms of test points and years of research was noted in the varieties Amethyst - 41.6, Hoverla - 44.6, and Artemis - 45.3 days. Hoverla, Zolotista, Vezha and Oriana varieties were highly adaptable to growing conditions. These varieties were distinguished by a slight reaction to the change in edapho-climatic conditions, providing stable indicators for the duration of the interphase seedling-flowering period, the coefficient of plasticity (bi) < 1 and are classified as the first rank, providing the best results in adverse growing conditions.A slight decrease in the weight of 1,000 seeds over a long period of research is an indicator of drought resistance of the variety. The Hoverla and Amethyst varieties had the highest values of 157.5 and 154.8 g for the weight of 1000 seeds, as well as for homeostaticity – 53.8 and 45.7 and the highest agronomic stability (As) – 97.1 and 96.6.