Procesos fonológicos convergentes en el español hablado en Antioquia, a partir del Atlas Lingüístico de Antioquia y del Corpus PRESEEA-Medellín

Abstract

This article presents a relationship between dialectological and sociolinguistic facts from the analysis of phonological processes based on two sources —the Atlas of Antioquia and the PRESEEA-Medellín Corpus, in order to find dialect convergences from rural to urban in segmental phenomena from Spanish spoken in Antioquia, Colombia. It starts with a question: what phonological processes found in the speech of Antioquia converge in the speech of Medellín? As a result, the Andean ALA (Lingüístic Atlas of Antioquia) Corpus of phonological processes was created, in which 741 cases of phonological variation were identified and 11 thousand occurences of phonological processes were systematized from 36 semidirected interviews of the PRESEEA-Medellín Corpus. The contrast of phonological processes between these two sources allowed to identify the similarities of phonic phenomena of speech, their exemplification and the description of phonic patterns. Finally, the spirantization of / d /, the pluralization of haber and the antihiatic tendency of / ea / were defined as convergent processes of high frequency, whose neutral assessment ease its spreading. The fact that these processes are noticed as aspects shared by other close varieties, such as Bogota’s speech, could represent a trend towards an Andean urban leveling.