Response of seed yield of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis L.) trees irrigated with saline water to compost, phosphorus and nitrogen application

Moharam F. Attia
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Abstract

Jojoba is a promising industrial seed oil crop that has potential in Egypt's hyper-arid lands. An experiment on jojoba was carried out at Moghra Oasis, northeast of the Qattara Depression in the Western Desert of Egypt. The experiment was carried out in two consecutive years (2020-2021 and 2021-2022) to investigate the jojoba seed yield response to compost, phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N) fertilization in a split-split plot design. Irrigation water from the utilized well averaged 7.4 dS m -1 , implying that the trees were under salt stress. Main plots were assigned for three rates of compost as 0, 20 and 40 ton ha -1 . Sub-plots were assigned for four rates of phosphorus (P) fertilizer as 0, 80, 160, and 320 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 . While sub-sub plots were assigned for four rates of N as 0, 125, 250, and 500 kg N ha -1 . The results showed that jojoba seed yield increased in a linear fashion as the rates of all the tested parameters increased. The most effective treatment was to apply P, N, and compost at rates of 320 kg P 2 O 5 , 500 kg N, and 40 ton ha -1 . In the first and second seasons, these rates resulted in jojoba seed yields of 655 and 814 kg ha -1 , respectively. Higher seed yield in the second season may be due to the residual effects of compost, P and K as well as trees size. This study, therefore, revealed that jojoba trees cultivated in hyper-arid conditions and subjected to salt stress respond significantly to compost and mineral fertilizers when applied in sufficient amounts.
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盐水灌溉荷荷巴树种子产量对堆肥、施磷、施氮的响应
荷荷巴是一种很有前途的工业种子油料作物,在埃及极度干旱的土地上具有潜力。在埃及西部沙漠Qattara洼地东北部的Moghra绿洲进行了一项关于荷荷巴的实验。本试验连续两年(2020-2021年和2021-2022年)进行,研究荷荷巴种子对堆肥、磷(P)和氮(N)施肥的响应。利用井灌水量平均为7.4 dS m -1,表明树木处于盐胁迫下。主要地块分别施用0、20和40吨/公顷的堆肥。施磷量分别为0、80、160和320 kg p2o 5 ha -1。施氮量分别为0、125、250和500 kg N ha -1。结果表明,荷荷巴种子产量随各试验参数的增加呈线性增长。最有效的处理是施用磷、氮和堆肥,磷肥用量为320公斤,氮肥500公斤,40吨公顷-1。在第一季和第二季,这些施用量分别使荷荷巴种子产量达到655和814公斤/公顷。第二季种子产量较高可能是由于堆肥、磷和钾的残留效应以及树的大小。因此,本研究表明,在极度干旱和盐胁迫条件下种植的荷荷巴树在施用足够量的堆肥和矿质肥料时,对其有显著的响应。
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