Experimental model of precancerous lesions of the oral mucosa

Abstract

Oral mucosal cancer (OMC) is a serious public health problem. Studies were performed on 210 males of white mongrel rats weighing 180–200 g. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups of 7 subgroups, with 10 rats in each group. The rats of the first group were included in the diet by dissolving a solution 4-NQO (carcinogen) in drinking water at a concentration of 50 mg/ml. The animals of the second group were applied by carcinogen dissolved in drinking water at a concentration of 50 mg/ml to the ОМС of the lower lip and the tongue three times a day (at 9:00, 2:00, and 7:00 pm) in combination with exposure to a 3D device with a traumatic element.The method of experimental modeling of pre-tumor lesions of the oral mucosa was developed. It included a combined local exposure to the solution 4-NQO and the 3D device with a traumatic element on the rat lower lip OMC. It has the following advantages over the existing models: the development of hyperplasia and dysplasia of lower lip ОМС epithelium is achieved after 12 weeks in 100 % of animals, and in the comparison group – in 20 % of rats (р < 0.05); no carcinogen affection of other gastrointestinal organs, as indicated by no reduction of live body weight gain before the development of ОМС changes required from the experimental model (р >< 0.05); visually accessible localization of pathological epithelial changes on the lower lip ОМС, and in the comparison group on the tongue root.>