Research of microstructure and mechanical properties in LS59-1A brass submicrovolumes

G. Tkachuk, V. Maltsev, O. Chikova
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Abstract

The study covers the microstructure and mechanical properties in submicrovolumes of LS59-1A lead brass. Scanning electron microscopy (EDS) was used for metallographic analysis of the studied sample microstructures. It was found that the LS 59-1A brass microstructure along with the main phases ( α phase — solid solution of alloying elements in copper and β phase — solid solution based on the CuZn electronic compound) also contains globular inclusions of free lead (1—2 vol.%) localized on grain boundaries and in interdendritic regions. In addition, exogenous nonmetallic inclusions of CuO + ZnO and pores were found in the microstructure. Oxide inclusions and compounds containing iron and manganese are localized at the boundaries of α and β phases. A nanoindentation method was used to study hardness ( Н ) and Young’ modulus of α and β phases. An insignificant difference was found between H values for a phase dendrites with respect to the β phase interdendritic space indicating higher homogeneity of LS59-1A ingot mechanical properties. Calculation of additional pressure that occurs at the interface of a and β phases when external force is applied to the material due to a difference in Young’s moduli showed that it is 23 times higher than external force, which can cause destruction of LS59-1A brass ingots during machining. The results obtained are discussed from the standpoint of modern ideas about the metallographic method used to control brass ingot quality under industrial production conditions.
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LS59-1A黄铜亚微体显微组织与力学性能研究
研究了LS59-1A铅黄铜在亚微体积下的微观结构和力学性能。利用扫描电子显微镜(EDS)对样品的微观组织进行了金相分析。结果表明,LS - 59-1A黄铜显微组织中主要相(α相—合金元素在铜中的固溶体和β相—基于CuZn电子化合物的固溶体)中还含有游离铅的球状夹杂物(1 ~ 2 vol.%),它们位于晶界和枝晶间。此外,在微观结构中还发现了外源非金属CuO + ZnO夹杂物和气孔。氧化物包裹体和含铁、锰的化合物定位于α、β相界。采用纳米压痕法研究了α、β相的硬度(Н)和杨氏模量。a相枝晶的H值相对于β相枝晶间空间的差异不显著,表明LS59-1A铸锭力学性能具有较高的均匀性。计算了由于杨氏模量的差异,当外力作用于材料时,在a相和β相界面处产生的附加压力比外力高23倍,这可能导致LS59-1A黄铜锭在加工过程中被破坏。本文从现代观念的角度讨论了在工业生产条件下用金相方法控制铜锭质量的结果。
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