Role of computed tomography imaging in the diagnosis of blunt and penetrating abdominal trauma injuries

Pravinkumar Bharde, Rajalingam Venkat Sai, S. Sripriya, Umamaheshwar Reddy, Swapna
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Abstract

Background: The present study was conducted with the primary aim of evaluating the role of computed tomography imaging in the assessment of blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) and penetrating abdominal trauma injuries. Methods: This prospective study comprised 53 patients with BAT and PAT injuries referred from the emergency department to the department of radio-diagnosis for ultrasonography and CT. Multidetector computed tomography scans were performed on GE Bright Speed Elite 16 slice CT Scanner. The various injuries seen on the CT images were grouped and examined based on the injury site and the organs involved. Results: The majority of the study subjects, i.e., 17/53 (32.08%) belonged age group of 20-30 yrs. Out of the 53 study subjects, 48 had BAT and 5 had PAT. The majority of study subjects who had BAT, i.e., 26/48 RTA, was the cause of trauma, and 5 out of 5 who had PAT assault was the cause of trauma. The most common organ injured was the spleen (18), followed by the liver (17), bowel (15), Anterior abdominal wall (6), pancreas (1), Kidney (1), Uterus (2), Multiple organs (1) and Hemoperitoneum without solid organ injury (1). CT showed 100% accuracy in the diagnosis of abdominal organ injuries. Conclusions: CT imaging plays a pivotal role in the rapid identification of life-threatening injuries and is helpful for prompt initiation of appropriate care, which leads to an increase in the chance of survival of patients with BAT and PAT injuries.
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计算机断层成像在钝性和穿透性腹部外伤诊断中的作用
背景:本研究的主要目的是评估计算机断层成像在钝性腹部创伤(BAT)和穿透性腹部创伤损伤评估中的作用。方法:本前瞻性研究包括53例从急诊科转到超声和CT放射诊断科的BAT和PAT损伤患者。在GE Bright Speed Elite 16层CT上进行多探测器计算机断层扫描。根据损伤部位和受累器官对CT图像上的各种损伤进行分组和检查。结果:研究对象以20 ~ 30岁年龄组为主,17/53(32.08%)。在53名研究对象中,48人患有BAT, 5人患有PAT。大多数有BAT的研究对象,即26/48 RTA,是造成创伤的原因,5个有PAT攻击的研究对象中有5个是造成创伤的原因。最常见的脏器损伤是脾脏(18例),其次是肝脏(17例)、肠道(15例)、前腹壁(6例)、胰腺(1例)、肾脏(1例)、子宫(2例)、多脏器(1例)和腹膜出血(1例)。CT对腹部脏器损伤的诊断准确率为100%。结论:CT成像在快速识别危及生命的损伤中起着关键作用,有助于及时开始适当的护理,从而增加BAT和PAT损伤患者的生存机会。
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