Recent Enhancements for Coiled Tubing Descaling Treatments in Middle East

Ahmed. N. Alduaij, Z. Al-Bensaad, Mauricio Espinosa, D. Ahmed, Madhurjya Dehingia
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Abstract

Successful coiled tubing (CT) descaling interventions require control of several key aspects, including fluid leakoff into the formation, proper surface solids handling, and controlled hydrogen sulfide (H2S) release at the surface. Successful treatment control is achieved by monitoring the surface and downhole parameters. The recently introduced pressure and fluid management system, crosslinked foam-based fluid, and a fluid mixing system for CT descaling treatments pose challenges that require enhancements to these elements for successful treatment. The pressure and fluid management system was enhanced to include a new high-rate mud/gas separator to 1) increase gas/fluid separation capacity and avoid foam flowing to flare, 2) rig up the flare line with inclination to allow all water to be drained and prevent formation gas flowing to flare lines, and 3) increase retention time for better foam breaking and material settling. A liquid flowmeter was also added to improve influx and leakoff control by monitoring the volume of liquid injected and matching the volume of liquid returned on surface in addition to the level gauges on the return tanks of the pressure and fluid management system. The foamed-based fluid breaking system and H2S presence in returns were mitigated by removing crosslinker and introducing an H2S scavenger on returns whereas foam breaking was enhanced by additional breaker injection points on returns. Fluid mixing capabilities were enhanced by the introduction of an on-the-fly continuous mixing system that sped up and simplified the mixing process. The mud/gas separator efficiently separated the gas from liquid, leading the gas to be burnt at flare and the liquid to be processed in the pressure and fluid management system. It further helped in preventing the liquid flowing to flare, which lessened the risk of flare shutdown and H2S ventilation. The on-the-fly continuous mixing system provided a faster and more-efficient mixing process as an alternate to batch mixing. These system-controlled metering, mixing, and monitoring capabilities significantly reduced the crew and equipment footprint, leading to minimizing the health, safety, and environment (HSE) concerns and cost savings. The fluid flowmeter allowed efficient choke and bottom-hole pressure control. Fluid flowmeter readings helped in choke and bottom-hole pressure reading adjustments based on amount of fluids pumped and matching the same amount of fluids returned at the surface. It prevented the fluid leakoff into the formation or influx of gas into the wellbore. Additionally, this new process created better control of downhole differential pressure during the scale cleanup and transportation. This project integrated different technologies and techniques that can be utilized for descaling treatment enhancements. The recent enhancements to the CT descaling operation resulted in greater efficiency, cost savings, reduced formation damage, and safe operations.
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中东地区连续油管除垢技术的最新改进
成功的连续油管(CT)除垢干预措施需要控制几个关键方面,包括流体泄漏到地层中,适当的地面固体处理,以及控制地面硫化氢(H2S)的释放。通过监测地面和井下参数,实现了成功的处理控制。最近推出的压力和流体管理系统、交联泡沫基流体和用于CT除垢处理的流体混合系统提出了挑战,需要对这些元素进行增强,才能成功进行处理。压力和流体管理系统得到加强,包括一个新的高速泥浆/气体分离器,1)提高气/流体分离能力,避免泡沫流向火炬,2)安装倾斜的火炬线,允许所有水排出,防止地层气体流向火炬线,3)增加保留时间,以便更好地破碎泡沫和物料沉淀。除了压力和流体管理系统回液罐上的液位计外,还增加了一个液体流量计,通过监测注入液体的体积和匹配地面回液的体积来改善流入和泄漏控制。通过去除交联剂和在回井中加入H2S清除剂,泡沫破液系统和H2S的存在得到了缓解,而在回井中添加破剂注入点,泡沫破液得到了增强。流体混合能力得到增强,通过引入一个动态连续混合系统,加快和简化了混合过程。泥浆/气体分离器有效地将气体与液体分离,使气体在火炬处燃烧,液体在压力和流体管理系统中进行处理。它还有助于防止液体流向火炬,从而降低火炬关闭和H2S通风的风险。动态连续混合系统提供了一个更快和更有效的混合过程,作为分批混合的替代。这些系统控制的计量、混合和监控功能显著减少了作业人员和设备的占地面积,从而最大限度地减少了健康、安全和环境(HSE)问题,并节省了成本。流体流量计可以实现有效的节流和井底压力控制。流体流量计读数有助于根据泵送的液体量和与地面返回的液体量相匹配的液体量来调整节流孔和井底压力读数。它可以防止流体泄漏到地层中或气体流入井筒。此外,在结垢清理和运输过程中,该新工艺可以更好地控制井下压差。该项目整合了不同的技术和工艺,可用于增强除垢处理。最近对连续油管除垢作业的改进提高了作业效率,节约了成本,减少了地层损害,保证了作业的安全性。
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