Stratigraphy and Petrographical Properties of the Kazdağ Massif Metamorphites in the North of Güre-Çamlıbel, Edremit-Balıkesir-Turkey

Abstract

The study area covers Kaz Mountain and its surroundings which is located in the north of Güre, Çamlıbel and Arıtaşı Neighborhoods of Edremit District of Balıkesir Province. The Kazdağ Massif which is estimated to be of Paleozoic primitive age starts with the Fındıklı formation in the lower part. This formation is composed of hornblende gneiss, biotite-hornblende gneiss, epidote-hornblende gneiss, epidote-biotite gneiss, garnet-biotite gneiss, garnet-hornblende gneiss, disten-garnet-mica schist and disten-garnet-biotite schist which show alternation with crystallized limestones (Altınoluk marble member). In the upper part of the Fındıklı formation, there are crystallized limestones (Babadağ marble member). Tozlu formation which is tectonically overlain Fındıklı formation consists of amphibolite – amphibole schist (amphibolite member), metadunite – metaproxenite – metaproxenhornblendite serpentinite (metaophiolite member) and crystallized limestones (marble member) with lateral-vertical transition with each other. Sarıkız formation is observed with an unconformity on Tozlu formation. Sarıkız formation starts with the thin gneiss level in the lower part, and upwards, higher up pass into thick crystallized limestones with calcschist interlevels. In the upper part Sütüven formation which is observed tectonically is composed of mica gneiss sillimanite-biotite gneiss hornblende-biotite gneiss including granitic gneiss (granitic gneiss member) amphibolite marble bands and lenses. The anatexis ve migmatite is sometimes observed in Sütüven formation. The mineral assemblage which consist of hornblende (tschermakite, edenite and barroisite) + plagioclase (albite-oligoclaseandesine) + quartz ± orthoclase + biotite (brown, green) + garnet (prop-almandine-grossular) ± epidote ± zoisite / clinozoisite ± chlorite (ripidolite-picnochlorite, penninite-clinochlore) ± kyanite ± staurolite + muscovite ± calcite ± sillimanite ± microcline + tourmaline (green, brown) + sphene ± rutile ± apatite are observed in amphibole gneisses and biotite gneisses which constitute the dominant lithology of Fındıklı formation. The disten-garnet-mica schist and disten-garnet-biotie schist which are observed in the upper part of fındıklı formation show the mineral assemble which consist of biotite (brown) + quartz + garnet (propalmandine-grossular) + kyanite + sillimanite + plagioclase (albite-oligoclase-andesine) ± muscovite + chlorite (ripidolitepicnochlorite, penninite-clinochlore) ± epidote ± zoisite / clinozoisite + orthoclase + tourmaline (green) ± sphene ± rutile ± apatite. The mineral assemblage which consist of plagioclase (albite-oligoclase-andesin) + quartz ± orthoclase + biotite (brown and green) ± sillimanite + hornblende (tschermakite) ± garnet (prop-almandine-grossular) ± epidote ± zoisite / clinozoisite ± chlorite (ripidolite-picnochlorite, penninite-clinochlore) + muscovite ± kyanite ± calcite ± staurolite ± microcline + tourmaline (green, brown) + sphene ± rutile ± apatite are observed in mica gneiss, sillimanite-biotite gneiss and hornblende-biotite gneiss which constitute the dominant lithology of Sütüven formation. The amphibolites which are located as interlevels in this formation are evident with the mineral assemblage which consist of hornblende (tschermakite) + plagioclase (albite-oligoclase-andesine) ± biotite (brown) ± quartz ± epidote ± zoisite / clinozoisite ± chlorite (ripidolite-picnochlorite, penninite-clinochlore) + sphene. The granitic gneisses belonging to Sütüven formation show the mineral assemblage which consist of plagioclase (albiteoligoclase-andesine) + orthoclase + quartz + biotite (brown) ± hornblende (tschermakite) + garnet (prop-almandine-grossular) ± chlorite (ripidolite-picnochlorite, penninite-clinochlore) ± epidote ± zoisite / clinozoisite + sphene ± rutile ± apatite. That both the mineral paragenesis in different metamorphism conditions is observed in the metapelitic-metasemipeliticmetabasic rocks which are located in especially the Fındıklı and Sütüven formations of the Kazdağ Massif and this massif has exposed to metamorphism with multi-stage as a result of dense tectonic movements indicate that this massif has undergone metamorphism of least three stage.