‘Return to the International Family of Democracies’: Keyness Factor in the International Speeches of the Baltic Presidents

Līga Romāne-Kalniņa
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Presidential speeches as a type of political discourse are aimed not only at the negotiation and construction of the national identity of a nation-state at a local level but also at the representation and shaping of the national identity internationally. The presidents of the Baltic States have represented their individual, collective and regional identities in the international gatherings of world leaders since the restoration of independence of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania from the Soviet Union. The current study displays an analysis of how the keyness factor of particular lexical items used in 142 speeches given by the presidents of the Baltic States internationally from 1991 until 2021 helps to identify the tendencies of identity construction and representation, which can then be investigated in detail via a critical analysis of the discursive strategies and linguistic means applied in the speeches. Moreover, the analysis of keyword tendencies across speeches marked by different criteria shows how the process of identity construction as marked by lexical change varies across time and states. The keyness factor points to multiple identities being constructed in the international speeches, where the national identities are constructed most frequently, followed by the common European identity, Baltic regional identity, and global identity. It is also concluded that a common political past is one of the main elements of national and Baltic identities, while shared values such as democracy and cooperation are the main elements of supra-national identities.
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“重返国际民主大家庭”:波罗的海各国总统国际讲话的关键因素
总统演讲作为一种政治话语,其目的不仅在于民族国家的民族认同在地方层面的协商和建构,而且在于民族认同在国际上的表现和塑造。自爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚和立陶宛从苏联恢复独立以来,波罗的海各国总统在世界领导人的国际会议上代表了他们的个人、集体和区域身份。本研究分析了波罗的海国家总统在1991年至2021年期间发表的142次国际演讲中使用的特定词汇的关键因素如何有助于识别身份建构和表征的趋势,然后可以通过对演讲中使用的话语策略和语言手段的批判性分析来详细调查。此外,本文还分析了以不同标准标记的演讲中的关键词倾向,揭示了以词汇变化为标志的身份建构过程在不同的时间和状态下是如何变化的。关键因素指向国际演讲中的多重身份建构,其中国家身份建构的频率最高,其次是欧洲共同身份、波罗的海地区身份和全球身份。它还得出结论,共同的政治过去是民族和波罗的海特性的主要因素之一,而诸如民主和合作等共同价值则是超民族特性的主要因素。
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