Evolutionary dynamics of cooperative sensing in cognitive radios under partial system state information

Abstract

Cooperative sensing enables secondary users to combine individual sensing results in order to attain sensing accuracies beyond those achieved by consumer RF devices. However, due to sensing costs, secondary users may prefer not to cooperate to the sensing task, leading to higher false alarm probability. In this paper, we study how information about the presence of cooperators affects the dynamics of cooperative sensing schemes. We consider two scenarios, namely the case when SUs cannot detect the presence of other potential cooperators, and the case when SUs have prior information on the presence of other SUs in radio range. Using an evolutionary game framework, we demonstrate that protocols delivering such type of information to SUs reduce cooperation and ultimately lead to degraded network performance. Finally, a learning process based on the replicator dynamics is proposed which is capable to drive the system to the evolutionary stable solution. The results of the paper are illustrated through numerical simulations.