Determining of the Most Optimal Parameters of Monopolar High Frequency Diathermocoagulation in Endodontic Practice

Abstract

The main criterion for successful endodontic treatment is thorough cleaning of the root canal from microorganisms. Modern technologies are being developed to decontaminate the root canal system due to local temperature increase. High-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation refers to one of these technologies. Aim. To determine the optimal parameters of monopolar high-frequency diathermocoagulation providing a distinct antibacterial effect and which are safe for the surrounding tissues in endodontic dental treatment. Materials and methods. Root canals of single-root removed teeth from the group of upper and lower jaw incisors (12 samples). The DC-35 MS device (2640 kHz, 1. 5 kOhm) was used to study various modes of high-frequency monopolar diathermocoagulation. 6 exposure modes were studied. To determine the heating degree of the tooth root surface, thermometry using a compact infrared radiation converter of the Seek Thermal imager was used, and a remote infrared thermometer Testo 830-T1 was used for temperature monitoring. After determining of the diathermocoagulation modes that are not able to cause significant heating of the surrounding tooth tissues, the antibacterial effect of diathermocoagulation in these modes was studied. To do this, we used clinical strains of optionally anaerobic bacteria obtained from the teeth root canals in pulpitis: Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and yeast-like fungi Candida albicans. Results. When performing diathermocoagulation of the root canal contents, the third, fourth and sixth modes of the device settings with the power given to the tissue within three seconds of energy in the range of 3.06 W to 5.4 W are safe for the tissues surrounding the tooth root. When treating root canals in the third and sixth modes, the power of diathermocoagulation is 5.4 W and 4.1 W. A multiple, significant decrease in microbial contamination of root canals by all kinds of pathogenic optional anaerobic microflora obtained from the teeth root canals in pulpitis was found.