STUDY THE CHEMICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOME EGYPTIAN COTTON VARIETIES FERTILIZED WITH THREE DIFFERENT SOURCES OF NITROGEN AND CHEMICALLY TREATED

Abstract

This paper study and evaluate the technological and chemical properties of some Egyptian cotton fibers fertilized by three different compounds as source of nitrogen (Urea, Ammonium nitrate and Ammonium sulphate) and chemical treated (control, scouring and Mercerization). In our study three cotton fibers varieties were used [Giza 93 (Extra long stable), Giza 94 and Giza 95 (Long stable)] for 2019 season. The experimental design was split split-plot design with 3 replicates where nitrogen sources and chemical treated allocated in sub plots the verities were allocated in main plot, while the sub plots involved the nitrogen sources. The cotton fibers samples were subjected to chemical treatment (scouring pretreatment) at concentration 3 % of Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and mercerization treatment at concentration 20 % of Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and dying process by direct blue dye. The properties were examined fiber strength (g/tex), elongation %, maturity degree, fineness diameter stiffens and Toughness as (technological properties) and sugar %, wax %, ash %, moisture regain %, accessibility %, crystallinity percent, color strength (K/S) as (chemical properties). The results showed that, ammonium sulphate and mercerized samples were given high level value in technological properties fiber strength (g\tex) ,elongation % naturity degree and fineness diameter. Also, chemical properties were given high level value in moisture regain %, accessibility %, amorphous cellulose, color strength (K/S), toughness, fiber diameter and elongation % while, caused decreases in crystallinity percent, strength (g\tex) and stiffness . Key word: Egyptian cotton fibers, nitrogen fertilization, mercerization, dyeing process.