STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF FEED PRESSURE AND NOZZLE CHANNEL CROSS-SECTIONS ON FUEL SUPPLY PROCESSES IN GAS-DIESEL LOW-SPEED TWO-STROKE LOW-PRESSURE ENGINES

A. Marchenko, A.P. Bilousov, V. Savchuk, V.S. Verbovsʹkyy, N.E. Rybalchenko
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Abstract

The use of gas fuels for marine two-stroke low-speed internal combustion engines is considered by the International Maritime Organization as the main tool for implementing the program adopted in 2018 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by half by 2050 compared to 2008. In this regard, the world's leading manufacturers of this type of engines are actively engaged in research and development work aimed at developing, designing, manufacturing and putting them into operation. In this class of engines, there are a number of limitations that do not allow the existing experience of converting four-stroke marine engines to gas fuel to be applied to them. In this regard, each manufacturer develops its own approaches to solving this problem. As a result, two fundamentally different approaches were outlined - this is the supply of gas fuel directly to the working cylinder at the beginning and at the end of the compression stroke. Each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Earlier, the authors showed that in addition to the already implemented technical solutions, other approaches can be used related to the supply of gas fuel into the working cylinder under a pressure of 4.0...6.0 MPa, which allow combining the advantages of both methods implemented in practice and significantly reduce their inherent disadvantages. In particular, reducing the residence time of the gas-air mixture in the working cylinder of the engine during the compression stroke is an effective method of combating knocking combustion that occurs in low-pressure engines. In turn, this time depends on the pressure under which the gas fuel is supplied to the gas supply module and on the characteristics of its outflow through the flow path of this device. This article is devoted to the study of the influence of the design features of the flow path on the formation of the trajectories of gas fuel movement and the parameters of its outflow from the gas module to the working cylinder under conditions of changing back pressure.
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燃气-柴油低速二冲程低压发动机进气压力和喷管通道截面对供油过程影响的研究
国际海事组织认为,在船舶二冲程低速内燃机中使用天然气燃料是实施2018年通过的到2050年将温室气体排放量比2008年减少一半的计划的主要工具。在这方面,世界领先的这类发动机制造商正在积极从事研究和开发工作,旨在开发、设计、制造和投入使用。在这类发动机中,存在许多限制,不允许将现有的四冲程船用发动机转换为气体燃料的经验应用于它们。在这方面,每个制造商开发自己的方法来解决这个问题。因此,提出了两种完全不同的方法:在压缩行程开始和结束时直接向工作气缸提供气体燃料。每种方法都有自己的优点和缺点。在此之前,作者指出,除了已经实施的技术解决方案外,还可以采用与在4.0…6.0 MPa压力下向工作气缸供应气体燃料有关的其他方法,这可以将实践中实施的两种方法的优点结合起来,并显着减少其固有的缺点。特别是,在压缩行程中减少燃气-空气混合物在发动机工作缸中的停留时间是对抗低压发动机中发生的爆燃的有效方法。反过来,这个时间取决于气体燃料被供应到供气模块的压力,以及气体燃料通过该装置流道流出的特性。本文研究了在背压变化的条件下,流道设计特征对燃气燃料运动轨迹的形成及其从燃气模块流出至工作缸的参数的影响。
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