Comparative acute toxicity study of Syringodium isoetifolium on aquatic and rodent experimental animals

Abstract

This study was intended to assess the acute toxicity of hydroalcoholic leaf exact of Syringodium isoetifolium seagrass on brine shrimp, zebrafish and Wistar albino rats. The extract of different concentrations were used for brine shrimp (0.01-5 mg/ml in propylene glycerol/Tween 80/ water (4:1:4), zebrafish (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 mg/ml), and female albino Wistar rat (500, 1000, 2000, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg) study. The control group received distilled water and the studies were carried out as per the OECD guidelines. The experimental subjects were observed individually for the first 24 hours, with special attention given during the first four hours, thereafter for a prescribed duration. The results of brine shrimp exhibited increased mortality with increasing concentration of the extract. Maximum mortality occurred at 1000 µg/ml and the least mortalities happened at 1 µg/ml concentration. Whereas no mortality and physical damage were identified in the zebrafish and Wistar albino rats irrespective of the concentration. The study revealed that the extract was found to be a toxic effect on brine shrimp due to the poor elimination of cytotoxic substances from the body at high concentrations and elimination freely at low concentrations. No toxicity was exerted on other study subjects.