A Virus That Knew Borders. COVID-19 Patients Zero Worldwide and the Strength of Transnationalism

IF 1.8 Q2 SOCIOLOGY International Journal of Sociology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI:10.1080/00207659.2023.2173854
Romain Lecler
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Abstract

Abstract In less than 3 months in 2020, COVID-19 spread to more than 200 countries and turned into a global pandemic that affected all world regions. Far from being a “post-Westphalian” virus that knew no borders, COVID-19 remained embedded in unequal patterns of international mobilities. To substantiate this claim, I devised an original methodology inspired by “thing-following studies”. A dataset was created on all patients zero worldwide (n = 287) in the 206 countries where they were identified. Empirically, my findings dismantle some myth about the international spread of COVID-19. First, the data put Europe – rather than China – at the core of the pandemic: four Western European countries exported half of all patients zero to entire regions like South America or Africa, reflecting postcolonial legacies. Second, twothirds were in fact nationals who brought back the virus to their own country. Third, a majority were involved in cross-border activities relating to business, family, religion or education, rather than tourism – most of them middle-aged men. Theoretically, this demonstrates the strength of transnational activities among international mobilities. Transnationalism appears as a crucial – though deeply unequal – infrastructure of our current globalization.
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跨越国界的病毒COVID-19全球零患者和跨国主义的力量
2020年,新冠肺炎疫情在不到3个月的时间里蔓延到200多个国家,成为一场影响世界所有地区的全球性大流行。COVID-19绝不是无国界的“后威斯特伐利亚”病毒,而是植根于不平等的国际流动模式。为了证实这一说法,我设计了一种受“事物跟随研究”启发的原创方法。在全球206个国家(n = 287)中,对确定的所有零患者创建了一个数据集。从经验上看,我的发现打破了关于COVID-19国际传播的一些神话。首先,数据将欧洲(而不是中国)置于疫情的核心:四个西欧国家将一半的零患者出口到南美或非洲等整个地区,反映了后殖民时期的遗留问题。其次,三分之二的人实际上是将病毒带回本国的国民。第三,大多数人从事与商业、家庭、宗教或教育有关的跨境活动,而不是旅游,其中大多数是中年男子。从理论上讲,这证明了跨国活动在国际流动中的力量。跨国主义似乎是我们当前全球化的一个关键——尽管是极不平等的——基础设施。
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CiteScore
4.00
自引率
4.80%
发文量
21
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