József Engel de Szepeslőcse – Linguist and Physician

G. György
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Abstract

Abstract József Engel (1807–1870) originates from an intellectual family from the Northern part of Hungary, he got to Marosvásárhely (Târgu Mureş) due to family relations. There he was assistant in the Golden Deer Pharmacy. Later he graduated the theoretical course of Chemistry at the Pest University. His thesis was printed. Then he studied medicine at the same university between 1830 and 1836. He wrote his thesis about the measles (De Morbilis). Meanwhile studying at Pest he got interested in Hungarian linguistics. He elaborated a study on the stem words of the Hungarian language which won a competition of the Hungarian Academy of Science. Engel was a much appreciated general practitioner at Marosvásárhely. The famous mathematician, János Bolyai was also his patient. He subscribed to German medical journals, collected plants and minerals. But his major interest was linguistics. In the middle of the 1850-s there was a movement at Kolozsvár (Cluj-Napoca) to establish a Museum Society. Then Engel’s linguistic research work was rediscovered. Some articles were published about him and even a fragment of his work in progress got printed. In 1857 Engel moves to Kolozsvár to help the founding of the Transylvanian Museum Society and to finish his treatise. As a general practitioner he could hardly make his living. In 1859 the Hungarian Academy of Science elected him corresponding member. He finished his thesis in linguistics and sent it to the Academy as an inaugural address. It was presented, but not published. His conception was considered obsolete. He died quite forgotten at Kolozsvár. At the Academy Henrik Finály held a memorial speech upon his life and activity. His two sons and two grandsons continued the medical traditions.
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József恩格尔(1807-1870)出身于匈牙利北部的一个知识分子家庭,由于家庭关系,他来到Marosvásárhely (t rgu mureek)。他在金鹿药房当助理。后来他毕业于佩斯大学的化学理论课。他的论文发表了。1830年至1836年间,他在同一所大学学习医学。他写了一篇关于麻疹的论文(De Morbilis)。在佩斯学习期间,他对匈牙利语言学产生了兴趣。他详细阐述了匈牙利语词干的研究,并赢得了匈牙利科学院的竞赛。恩格尔是一位广受欢迎的全科医生,网址是Marosvásárhely。著名的数学家János博雅也是他的病人。他订阅德国医学杂志,收集植物和矿物。但他的主要兴趣是语言学。在19世纪50年代中期,在Kolozsvár(克卢日-纳波卡)有一个建立博物馆协会的运动。然后恩格尔的语言学研究工作被重新发现。一些关于他的文章发表了,甚至他正在进行的工作的一部分也被印刷了出来。1857年,恩格尔搬到Kolozsvár,帮助建立特兰西瓦尼亚博物馆协会,并完成他的论文。作为一名全科医生,他几乎无法谋生。1859年,匈牙利科学院选他为通讯委员。他完成了他的语言学论文,并把它作为就职演说寄给了学院。它被提交了,但没有发表。他的构想被认为是过时的。他死于Kolozsvár,几乎被人遗忘。在学院里,亨里克Finály就他的生平和活动发表了纪念演说。他的两个儿子和两个孙子继承了医疗传统。
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