GRAPHENE - A NEW AGE OF MATERIAL: A REVIEW

Abstract

Abstract - We all be familiar with two well-known forms of Carbon which are diamond and graphite. Diamond is a one of the toughest and hard material in the earth. Graphite is well-known as most brittle material. But one thing had changed forever, when two physicists A.K.Geim and K.S. Novoselov had got noble prize for “Graphene”. On the basis of his research work published title” The rise of Graphene”. His work shows that Graphene is 200 times stronger than cast iron. It have so many desirable qualities to use in our daily life. Graphene, becoming eminent as a true 2-D material, had got ever-increasing attention due to its unmatched physicochemical properties (excellent conductivity, high surface area, high mechanical strength ,ease of functionalization and mass production). Graphene is a extraordinarily amazing material with countless highest extents to its name. It is the thinnest material in the universe and the strongest yet calculated. Its charge carriers exhibit massive inherent mobility, have the negligible effective mass (it is zero) and can travel micrometer-long distances without scattering at room temperature. Graphene be able to uphold current densities 6 orders higher than copper, shows record thermal conductivity and stiffness, is impermeable to gases and reconciles such contradictory qualities as brittleness and ductility. Electron transport in graphene is described by a Dirac-like equation.