Neuro-Ophthalmic Literature Review

Abstract

is an inflammatory demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system, which most commonly causes optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and area postrema syndrome. Antibodies directed against aquaporin 4, a water channel expressed on the astrocytic membrane, are detected in approximately 80% of cases. In this article, the authors discuss a case of a 76-year-old woman with a 2-month history of confusion, dysar-thria, and progressive bilateral leg weakness, which was associated with adenocarcinoma. They conclude that signs of NMOSD in elderly patients should arouse the suspicion of a paraneoplastic aetiology. The authors report an 11-year-old girl who noted gradual visual loss in the right eye for 1 year to 20/100 in the right eye, compared with 20/ 20 in the left eye, with subfoveal yellow deposits in both eyes. Optical coherence tomography, electro-oculography, electro-retinography and colour fundus photographs illustrate the findings,which were in-keeping with Best’s disease, the second most common hereditary macular dystrophy. It is char-acterised by the accumulation of lipofuscin-like materials on the retinal pigment epithelium cell-photoreceptor interface. The disorder’s associated mutations may contribute to apoptosis of the retinal pigment epithelial cells by targeting Caspase-3 (a protein encoded by the CAPS3 gene) that may be one of the mechanisms in bestrophinopathies. and T1-WI A chi-square test used compare both sequences and the inter-rater agreement was calculated. Results : Thirty-five magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sessions were performed before treatment, including 19 post-contrast FLAIR in 17 patients and 25 post-contrast T1-WIs in 19 patients. In terms of patients, LME was on all 17 post-contrast FLAIR images versus post-contrast T1-WIs < In LME on all post-contrast FLAIR versus 16/25 of post-contrast T1-WIs < LME disseminated both and infratentorial post-contrast FLAIR, compared post-contrast Inter-rater