Global and local policy forces for landscape perennialization in central North American agriculture

IF 0.8 4区 社会学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography Pub Date : 2016-01-02 DOI:10.1080/00167223.2016.1141059
R. Corry
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

Abstract Farm production practices often focus on mitigating negative consequences of cropping – particularly annual crops like corn, cereals and oilseeds. Some of North America’s most-intensive farmlands are rapidly converting their remaining perennial cover to annual crops. While perennial cover like woodlands, grasslands and wetlands are valued for the many landscape services they provide, they are vulnerable to conversion to other cover types under drivers of landscape change. Conversions within farms constitute nuances rather than new land uses, yet landscape composition effects can be substantial when considering habitat, biodiversity, soil and water quality, carbon sequestration, and aesthetics. As the farm landscape becomes increasingly dominated by annual crop vegetation, the key drivers behind land cover types and management merit critical examination. This paper reviews recent studies on farmland composition and management in central Canada and the United States, identifying trajectories and magnitudes of landscape changes. To consider forces, both speculative examination of policies and information from farmer interviews help identify motivations for changes in perennial or annual proportions of farm landscapes. The paper concludes with forces that increase perennialization and existing or prospective pathways to improve the balance between annual and perennial vegetation.
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北美中部农业景观多年化的全球和地方政策力量
农业生产实践往往侧重于减轻种植的负面影响,尤其是玉米、谷物和油籽等一年生作物。北美一些集约化程度最高的农田正在迅速将其剩余的多年生植被转变为一年生作物。虽然林地、草地和湿地等多年生覆盖因其提供的许多景观服务而受到重视,但在景观变化的驱动下,它们很容易转变为其他覆盖类型。农场内部的转换构成了细微差别,而不是新的土地用途,然而,考虑到栖息地、生物多样性、土壤和水质、碳封存和美学,景观构成效应可能是实质性的。随着农场景观越来越多地由一年生作物植被主导,土地覆盖类型和管理背后的关键驱动因素值得认真研究。本文综述了加拿大中部和美国最近的农田组成和管理研究,确定了景观变化的轨迹和幅度。为了考虑力量,政策的推测性检查和农民访谈的信息都有助于确定农场景观多年生或年度比例变化的动机。最后提出了增加多年生化的力量和改善一年生植被与多年生植被平衡的现有或未来途径。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
5
期刊介绍: DJG is an interdisciplinary, international journal that publishes peer reviewed research articles on all aspects of geography. Coverage includes such topics as human geography, physical geography, human-environment interactions, Earth Observation, and Geographical Information Science. DJG also welcomes articles which address geographical perspectives of e.g. environmental studies, development studies, planning, landscape ecology and sustainability science. In addition to full-length papers, DJG publishes research notes. The journal has two annual issues. Authors from all parts of the world working within geography or related fields are invited to publish their research in the journal.
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