Reproductive biology of the Whitehead’s Broadbill (Calyptomena whiteheadi)

IF 0.9 4区 生物学 Q3 ORNITHOLOGY Emu-Austral Ornithology Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI:10.1080/01584197.2023.2193900
Necmiye Şahin Arslan, D. Muñoz, T. E. Martin
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Whitehead’s Broadbill, Calyptomena whiteheadi, an endemic species on the island of Borneo, has a declining population, raising the question of whether reproduction might be a factor limiting population growth. We studied breeding biology based on 52 nests in Kinabalu Park, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo in 2009–2020. Length of the egg-laying season was 99 days with a median of 22 March. Clutch size was typical of tropical songbirds at 2.0 ± 0.13 eggs (SE). Nest success was relatively high at 52%, and daily nest predation rate was relatively low at 0.013 ± 0.004 (SE). Concordantly, length of incubation and nestling periods were relatively long at 19.0 ± 0.26 d and 26.8 ± 0.3 d (SE), respectively. Similarly, the growth rate constants (K) for mass, wing length and tarsus length were slow at 0.252, 0.161 and 0.188, respectively. Slow growth might result in part from their frugivorous diet, as we show using seed traps, but they are reported to include insects in their diets and food provided to their young. Feeding effort, as reflected by the number of fruit seeds dropped below the nest, increased through the nestling period. Brooding effort of parents for nestlings was high on hatch day and decreased until Day 10–15 when it stopped. Food and parental care efforts do not seem to cause their slow growth. Ultimately, our study population has reproductive success that suggests it is not limiting population growth, but studies are needed in other locations to determine if it is a problem elsewhere.
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白头阔嘴鱼的生殖生物学研究
摘要:婆罗洲岛特有物种白头鹬(Calyptomena whiteheadi)的种群数量正在下降,这引发了繁殖是否可能是限制种群增长的一个因素的问题。2009-2020年,我们在马来西亚婆罗洲沙巴州基纳巴卢公园研究了52个鸟巢的繁殖生物学。产蛋季节为99天,中位数为3月22日。热带鸣禽的典型产蛋数为2.0±0.13个蛋(SE)。巢成功率较高,为52%,日捕食率较低,为0.013±0.004 (SE)。孵育期(19.0±0.26 d)和雏鸟期(26.8±0.3 d)相对较长。同样,质量、翼长和跗趾长度的生长速率常数K也较慢,分别为0.252、0.161和0.188。生长缓慢的部分原因可能是它们的食果性饮食,正如我们使用种子陷阱所展示的那样,但据报道,它们的饮食中包括昆虫,并为它们的后代提供食物。从落在巢下的果实种子数量可以看出,在雏鸟时期,摄食努力有所增加。在孵化日,亲本对雏鸟的孵蛋努力较高,直至第10-15天停止。食物和父母的照顾似乎并没有导致它们生长缓慢。最终,我们研究的种群繁殖成功,这表明它没有限制人口增长,但需要在其他地区进行研究,以确定其他地方是否存在问题。
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来源期刊
Emu-Austral Ornithology
Emu-Austral Ornithology 生物-鸟类学
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
7.70%
发文量
33
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Emu – Austral Ornithology is the premier journal for ornithological research and reviews related to the Southern Hemisphere and adjacent tropics. The journal has a long and proud tradition of publishing articles on many aspects of the biology of birds, particularly their conservation and management.
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