Status of Primitive Bronchopulmonary Cancers in the Sylvanus Olympio Chu Pneumology Sevice (Togo)

Abstract

Bronchopulmonary cancers (CBP) are malignant tumors developed at the expense of bronchial and/or parenchymal structures. They may be secondary or primitive. The latter are the leading cause of cancer mortality in developed countries. Several studies show that this cancer will be the leading cause of cancer death in women in France around 2020 [1]. In Africa, primary bronchial cancer appears to be a rare disease, unlike the developed countries, where it is a real public health problem [2]. The positive diagnosis of primary bronchopulmonary cancer is based on the association of: an evocative, nonspecific clinical symptomatology often neglected by the patient, suspicious thoracic imaging and histological evidence obtained by biopsy (bronchus, puncture transthoracic, pleural and lymph node biopsy) [3]. Since 1960, bronchial fibroscopy has been practiced in industrialized countries [4]. In developing countries, the financial constraints inherent in this technique mean that few respiratory services have the necessary equipment to perform bronchial endoscopies [5]. In Togo, there are no thoracic surgeons and 52 cases of bronchopulmonary cancers were observed from 1982 to 1987 at CHU Sylvanus Olympio in Lomé on 275 bronchial fibroscopies, ie 18.9% [6]. This led us to carry out this work, the aim of which is to take stock of primary bronchopulmonary cancers at the CHU Sylvanus Olympio, in the Infectious Diseases and Pneumology Department (SMIP).