Efficacy of different bagging techniques for the management of litchi fruit borer (Conopomorpha sinensis)

M. Taher, M. Rahman, K. Islam, Mohammad Monir Uddin
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Abstract

The bagging of fruits is widely used to provide a physical barrier between the fruits and insect pests. Litchi can easily be bagged to keep them safe from oviposition of litchi fruit borer, Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Efficacies of different bagging alone or in combination with insecticides were evaluated against the control trees in a commercial litchi orchard in Bangladesh. The study consisted of five treatments: mosquito net sheets, mosquito net bags, white waxed-paper bags, mosquito net bags combined with Novastar 56 EC (bifenthrin + abamectin) and mosquito net bags combined with neem leaf extracts. Treatments were set at 10, 20 and 30 days after fruit settings (DAFS). Regardless of the bagging method and setting times, all the treatments significantly reduced C. sinensis infestations compared to the control trees. Earlier bagging of fruits (within the 10 days of fruit settings) provided the best protection (100%) from C. sinensis infestations. In the cases of later bagging of fruits (at 20 and 30 DAFS), better defences against C. sinensis were found from the white waxed-paper bagging and mosquito net bags + Novastar 56 EC treatments. Irrespective of the bagging times, higher pest-free fruits (>95%) and benefit-cost ratios (BCR) were achieved from the bagging with white waxed-paper bags (8.25:1) and the mosquito net bags + Novastar 56 EC (5.18:1). Among the treatments, the mosquito net bags, or sheets were less effective. However, mosquito net bags combined with neem leaf extracts provided better outcomes. Therefore, bagging fruits within 10 days of fruit settings can be recommended for better protection. For the delayed bagging, white waxed-paper bags or the mosquito net bags in combination with Novastar 56 EC (preferred) or neem leaf extracts might be suggested.
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不同套袋技术对荔枝果螟防治效果的研究
水果袋装被广泛用于在水果和害虫之间提供物理屏障。荔枝可以很容易地装袋,以防止荔枝果螟(Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley)产卵。在孟加拉国的一个荔枝商业果园中,对不同套袋或与杀虫剂联合施用的防治效果进行了评价。试验采用蚊帐布、蚊帐袋、白色蜡纸袋、蚊帐袋联合联苯菊酯+阿维菌素、蚊帐袋联合印楝叶提取物5种处理方法。分别于坐果后10、20和30 d (DAFS)进行处理。无论套袋方式和套袋时间如何,与对照树相比,所有处理均显著降低了中华白僵菌的侵染。尽早套袋(果实坐果后10天内)可提供最好的保护(100%)。在装袋较晚的情况下(20和30 DAFS),白色蜡纸装袋和蚊帐袋+ Novastar 56 EC处理对中华夜蛾的防御效果较好。无论套袋时间如何,白色蜡纸袋套袋(8.25:1)和蚊帐袋+ Novastar 56 EC套袋(5.18:1)均可获得较高的无虫率(>95%)和效益成本比(BCR)。在这些治疗方法中,蚊帐袋或床单的效果较差。然而,蚊帐袋结合印楝叶提取物提供了更好的效果。因此,为了更好地保护果实,建议在果实成熟后10天内装袋。对于延迟装袋,建议使用白色蜡纸袋或蚊帐袋,并结合Novastar 56 EC(优选)或印楝叶提取物。
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