Evaluation of Clinical, Laboratory and Treatment Modalities in C3 Glomerulopathy: Single Center Experience

Abstract

Abstract Background/aim: C3 glomerulopathy (C3GP) defines a rare group of glomerulonephritis (GN), which could lead to end stage renal disease (ESRD). Histopathologic features of the disease have yet to be defined and the prognostic factors and optimal treatment are not fully known. The purpose of this study was to determine the demographic, histological change, treatment modalities and outcomes among patients with C3GP. Material and method: This retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, Gazi University, Ankara, from 2013 to 2017. All patients with kidney biopsies fulfilling the criteria for C3GP were included in the study. Results: Twenty-four patients with C3GP (50% male and of middle age - 43 years old) were enrolled in this study. 21% (5/24) patients developed ESRD. Renal biopsy findings such as crescent formation, glomerulo-sclerosis and tubular atrophy were similar in patients with ESRD, when compared to patients who did not develop ESRD. The treatment modalities of the patients were examined in two groups as MMF based and non-MMF based. The difference in the preservation of eGFR did not reach statistical significance between these two groups. The success rate of complete remission was similar between both groups. Serum creatinine levels >2.3 mg/dl at admission and need for renal replacement treatment (RRT) were associated with decreased renal survival. Conclusion: MMF based or non-MMF based treatments have similar efficacy in C3GP. Serum creatinine level higher than 2.3 mg/dl at the time of diagnosis and need for RRT during admission are a strong predictor of ESRD with high sensitivity and specificity.