Gracilis Flap for Perineal Reconstruction and Functional Restoration for the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence

Abstract

Preoperative evaluation and management of complex perineal wounds must account for any history of previous surgery, radiation, or trauma; the size and surface area following resection or debridement; and the loss of function or structural integrity. The gracilis muscle or myocutaneous flap is a local, well-vascularized option suitable for perineal soft tissue reconstruction, particularly for moderately sized defects of the groin. The use of functional gracilis muscle for anal sphincter reconstruction may also be considered for the treatment of fecal incontinence due to significant neurologic, traumatic, or iatrogenic injury, as well as for congenital abnormalities.