Evaluation of Estrogen Receptor α and ß Genes Expression in Normal and Neoplastic Mammary Gland in Dogs by Real-time PCR

Abstract

Mammary gland tumors are known to be among the commonest of neoplasms in humans as well as dogs. About 52% of all tumors correspond to mammary neoplasia, which is repeatedly reported among dogs and is the most common malignant neoplasia among bitches [1, 2]. Malignant tumors can be found in roughly 50% of mammary tumors in canids [2-4]. Malignant tumors are hormone-dependent neoplasms and might reappear after surgical removal or spread to other organs such as liver, lymph nodes, and lungs [5, 6].