Species diversity, population structure and regeneration status of woody species on Yerer Mountain Forest, Central Highlands of Ethiopia

Nesibu Yahya, B. Gebre, Genene Tesfaye
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

Yerer Mountain forest is one of the few remaining dry Afromontane forests found in the central highlands of Ethiopia. Information on woody species composition, diversity and regeneration status in the aforementioned forest are lacking. The study, therefore, aims to study the diversity, population structure and regeneration status of woody species in the Forest of Yerer Mountain. Data were collected using 36 main plots of size 20 m × 20 m for tree/shrub. Two 5 m × 5 m (opposite corner) and five 2 m × 2 m (four at the corner and one at the center) subplots were established in the main plot sapling and seedling, respectively. DBH, height of trees and environmental data (altitude, latitude, longitude, aspect and slope) were recorded. Thirty-one indigenous woody species that belong to 23 families were observed. The Shannon-Wiener diversity indices of woody species in the study sites were 2.0, 2.14 and 2.38 in the higher, middle and lower altitude, respectively. The density of seedling, sapling, shrubs and trees were 6383, 1022,481 and 115 ha, respectively. Seven woody species (Juniperus procera, Pittosporum abyssinicum, Buddleja polystachya, Rhus retinorrhoea, Croton macrostachyus, Prunus africana and Acacia bussei) dominated the forest while Juniperus procera is the most dominated one (95 %). The structural analyses of the whole community of the study area shows a reverse “J” shape pattern, which indicate healthy regeneration status of woody species. However, the population structure of the aforementioned dominant species exhibited unhealthy structure. The study concluded that the forest is diverse, however, dominated by small-sized tree/shrub species that is under early stage of succession after disturbance. Therefore, intervention of forest management practices to enhance its diversity and natural regeneration is needed.
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埃塞俄比亚中部高地耶勒山林木本物种多样性、种群结构及更新状况
耶尔山森林是埃塞俄比亚中部高地上仅存的几片干燥的非洲山地森林之一。关于上述森林的木本物种组成、多样性和更新状况的资料缺乏。因此,本研究旨在研究额勒尔山森林木本物种的多样性、种群结构和更新状况。数据采集采用36块20 m × 20 m的乔灌木样地。在主样地建立2个5 m × 5 m(对角)和5个2 m × 2 m(角上4个,中心1个)子样地。记录树木胸径、树高和环境数据(海拔、纬度、经度、坡向、坡度)。共发现本地木本植物31种,隶属于23科。高、中、低海拔地区木本物种的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分别为2.0、2.14和2.38。苗木、幼树、灌木和乔木密度分别为6383、1022、481和115 ha。7种木本树种(桧、Pittosporum abyssinicum、budleja polystachya、Rhus retinorrhoea、Croton macrostachyus、Prunus africana和Acacia bussei)是主要优势树种,其中以桧(Juniperus procera)优势树种最多(95%)。研究区整个群落结构分析呈倒“J”型,表明木本树种处于健康的更新状态。然而,上述优势种的种群结构呈现不健康结构。研究结果表明,林分多样,但以扰动后处于演替早期的小型乔灌木树种为主。因此,需要对森林管理实践进行干预,以增强其多样性和自然更新。
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