Thyroglossal cyst: Brazilian panorama

Abstract

Financial support: None. Conflicts of interest: No conflicts of interest declared concerning the publication of this article. Submitted: September 30, 2019. Accepted: November 17, 2019. The study was carried out at Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Cirurgia, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brasil. Abstract Introduction: Thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) is the most commonly found cervical congenital mass, occurring in approximately 7% of the population; however, data on TDC in Brazil are scarce. Objective: To outline the Brazilian scenario in the treatment of TDC and review the literature on this theme. Methods: Retrospective epidemiological study with a descriptive approach using secondary data collected from the SIH/DataSUS (Sistema de Internações Hospitalares/Sistema Nacional de Informação em Saúde) between 2008 and 2018, along with an analysis of the revisions on TDC published over the past ten years. Results: Between 2008 and 2018, there were 23,602 hospital admissions for TDC excision, with an average of 2,145 procedures per year, resulting in an average of 11.85 procedures per 100,000 inhabitants in the period evaluated. Admissions occurred predominantly in the Southeast and Northeast regions, at an average cost of BRL 1,054,977.66 per year to the health system of the country. The literature search resulted in 52 review articles addressing the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of TDC, which are explained in this study. Conclusion: TDC is a congenital entity predominantly treated in the country at relevant costs to the health system, demanding accuracy on the knowledge of its pathogenesis for better diagnosis and management of patients with this condition.