{"title":"Implementasi teori konstruktivisme dalam pembelajaran IPA melalui pemanfaatan bahan ajar elektronik","authors":"H. Herianto, Diah Puji Lestari","doi":"10.21831/JPPFA.V9I1.38024","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui bagaimana teori konstruktivisme diimplementasikan dalam pembelajaran IPA melalui pemanfaatan bahan ajar elektronik berupa e-book multimedia interaktif. Penelitian ini melibatkan 32 peserta didik SMP, yang mengikuti mata pelajaran IPA pada materi “Kalor dan Perpindahannya”, tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian dilakukan di salah satu SMP Negeri di kota Yogyakarta. Teknik observasi dan perekaman video dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pembelajaran di kelas saat menggunakan bahan ajar elektronik berupa e-book multimedia interaktif. Hasil observasi dan video dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teori konstruktivisme dapat diimplementasikan sebagai pendekatan untuk mengintegrasikan teknologi dalam pembelajaran IPA. Pendekatan konstruktivis dapat digunakan dengan baik melalui pemanfaatan bahan ajar elektronik berupa e-book multimedia interaktif, untuk memfasilitasi peserta didik terlibat aktif dalam pembelajaran dan memfasilitasi mereka untuk membangun pengetahuannya sendiri. Penggunaan bahan ajar elektronik dan LKPD juga dapat membantu peserta didik untuk terlibat aktif dalam kegiatan diskusi dalam kelompok kecil. Guru dalam proses pembelajaran lebih bertindak sebagai fasilitator, pembimbing, dan memberikan bantuan yang diperlukan peserta didik selama pembelajaran, sehingga jika dikaitkan dengan teori konstruktivisme, apa yang dilakukan guru, dikenal dengan Scaffolding. Adanya kegiatan diskusi yang dilakukan peserta didik dalam kelompoknya, menjadi salah satu ciri adanya penerapan teori konstruktivisme sosial. Ciri dari pembelajaran konstruktivisme lainnya yang terlihat dalam penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik aktif membangun pengetahuannya sendiri dengan membaca materi ataupun mengamati gambar, animasi, dan video yang terdapat dalam bahan ajar elektronik.Implementation of constructivism theory in science learning through the utilization of electronic teaching materialsAbstractThis study aims to find out how constructivism theory is implemented in science learning through the use of electronic teaching materials in the form of interactive multimedia e-books. This study involved 32 junior high school students who took science subjects in \"Heat and Its Transfer\" during the 2019/2020 school year. The research was conducted at one of the state junior high schools in the city of Yogyakarta. The observation and video recording techniques were carried out to find out how the learning process in the classroom when using electronic teaching materials in the form of interactive multimedia e-books. The results of observations and videos were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results showed that constructivism theory could be implemented as an approach to integrate technology in science learning. A constructivist approach can be used well by using electronic teaching materials in the form of interactive multimedia e-books to facilitate students to be actively involved in learning and facilitate them to build their own knowledge. Electronic teaching materials and student worksheets can also help students be actively involved in discussion activities in small groups. Teachers in the learning process act more as facilitators, guide, and provide students with assistance during learning. If it is linked to constructivism theory, what the teacher does is known as scaffolding. The existence of discussion activities carried out by students in their groups is one of the characteristics of the application of social constructivism theory. Another characteristic of constructivism learning seen in this study is that students actively build their own knowledge by reading material or observing images, animations, and videos contained in electronic teaching materials.","PeriodicalId":30921,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Pembangunan Pendidikan Fondasi dan Aplikasi","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Jurnal Pembangunan Pendidikan Fondasi dan Aplikasi","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21831/JPPFA.V9I1.38024","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui bagaimana teori konstruktivisme diimplementasikan dalam pembelajaran IPA melalui pemanfaatan bahan ajar elektronik berupa e-book multimedia interaktif. Penelitian ini melibatkan 32 peserta didik SMP, yang mengikuti mata pelajaran IPA pada materi “Kalor dan Perpindahannya”, tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Penelitian dilakukan di salah satu SMP Negeri di kota Yogyakarta. Teknik observasi dan perekaman video dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pembelajaran di kelas saat menggunakan bahan ajar elektronik berupa e-book multimedia interaktif. Hasil observasi dan video dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teori konstruktivisme dapat diimplementasikan sebagai pendekatan untuk mengintegrasikan teknologi dalam pembelajaran IPA. Pendekatan konstruktivis dapat digunakan dengan baik melalui pemanfaatan bahan ajar elektronik berupa e-book multimedia interaktif, untuk memfasilitasi peserta didik terlibat aktif dalam pembelajaran dan memfasilitasi mereka untuk membangun pengetahuannya sendiri. Penggunaan bahan ajar elektronik dan LKPD juga dapat membantu peserta didik untuk terlibat aktif dalam kegiatan diskusi dalam kelompok kecil. Guru dalam proses pembelajaran lebih bertindak sebagai fasilitator, pembimbing, dan memberikan bantuan yang diperlukan peserta didik selama pembelajaran, sehingga jika dikaitkan dengan teori konstruktivisme, apa yang dilakukan guru, dikenal dengan Scaffolding. Adanya kegiatan diskusi yang dilakukan peserta didik dalam kelompoknya, menjadi salah satu ciri adanya penerapan teori konstruktivisme sosial. Ciri dari pembelajaran konstruktivisme lainnya yang terlihat dalam penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik aktif membangun pengetahuannya sendiri dengan membaca materi ataupun mengamati gambar, animasi, dan video yang terdapat dalam bahan ajar elektronik.Implementation of constructivism theory in science learning through the utilization of electronic teaching materialsAbstractThis study aims to find out how constructivism theory is implemented in science learning through the use of electronic teaching materials in the form of interactive multimedia e-books. This study involved 32 junior high school students who took science subjects in "Heat and Its Transfer" during the 2019/2020 school year. The research was conducted at one of the state junior high schools in the city of Yogyakarta. The observation and video recording techniques were carried out to find out how the learning process in the classroom when using electronic teaching materials in the form of interactive multimedia e-books. The results of observations and videos were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results showed that constructivism theory could be implemented as an approach to integrate technology in science learning. A constructivist approach can be used well by using electronic teaching materials in the form of interactive multimedia e-books to facilitate students to be actively involved in learning and facilitate them to build their own knowledge. Electronic teaching materials and student worksheets can also help students be actively involved in discussion activities in small groups. Teachers in the learning process act more as facilitators, guide, and provide students with assistance during learning. If it is linked to constructivism theory, what the teacher does is known as scaffolding. The existence of discussion activities carried out by students in their groups is one of the characteristics of the application of social constructivism theory. Another characteristic of constructivism learning seen in this study is that students actively build their own knowledge by reading material or observing images, animations, and videos contained in electronic teaching materials.