Investigation on effects of walnut essential oil against glutamate toxicity on cortex neuron and LN405 cancer cell lines, diabetes, and some microorganisms

Abstract

ABSTRACT In this study, leaf essential oil effects on glutamate toxicity model formed in cortex neurons and LN405 cell cultures were investigated. Antidiabetic activity was evaluated by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitions. MIC was used for antimicrobial activity. Seven groups were examined with MTT. Glutamate 10-5 mM in cortex showed 62% viability whereas oil viability did not increase in a dose-dependent manner and the highest viability rate was observed. There are four types of glandular trichomes in leaf anatomy of walnut. The oil exhibited half as much α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 8105 μg/mL, compared to positive control acarbose (IC50 = 4762 μg/mL). MIC of oil was determined to be 625 μg/mL against E. coli, C. albicans, and C. parapsilosis, whereas S. aureus exhibited a MIC of 1250 μg/mL. Major compounds of oil were found as β-pinene (17.6%), α-pinene (11.3%), β-eudesmol (8.6%), and caryophyllene oxide (6.2%).