Selenium quantification in wastewaters from selected coal-fired power plants and river waters in South Africa using ICP-MS

IF 1 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 WATER RESOURCES Water SA Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI:10.17159/wsa/2023.v49.i3.4050
Harold H Shiri, T. W. Godeto, P. Nomngongo, O. Zinyemba
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Abstract

South Africa mainly relies on Eskom's coal-fired power plants for electricity generation. However, the use of coal causes several adverse environmental impacts, including the release of selenium into the hydrosphere. Selenium is an essential nutrient for humans, animals, and microbes, but excess selenium is toxic. This paper describes the determination of total dissolved selenium in wastewater from selected coal-fired power plants and river waters near coal-fired power plants in South Africa. A sensitive and robust inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method for determining total dissolved selenium in wastewater and river water was developed using a certified reference material (NIST SRM 1640a Trace Elements in Natural Water). The results agreed with the certified values, with percentage recoveries ranging from 92–96%. The method detection limit was 0.13 µg/L. Total Se concentrations in wastewater samples from Kriel and Lethabo Power Stations ranged between 4.86 and 8.53 µg/L, and in river water samples from the Olifants and Wilge Rivers, the concentrations ranged from 2.63–8.20 µg/L. These results indicate that the Se levels in the wastewater are too low to pose a health hazard to humans and livestock but pose an environmental threat to aquatic life. The low concentrations in the river samples also show that there may be slight Se pollution (regarding aquatic life) from the selected coal-fired power plants in South Africa. There may be slight Se pollution (with regards to aquatic life) from Duvha and Kendal Power Stations because an increase from 2–8 µg/L was observed in river water samples collected near these selected coal-fired power plants.
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利用ICP-MS定量分析南非燃煤电厂废水和河水中的硒
南非主要依靠Eskom的燃煤电厂发电。然而,煤炭的使用造成了一些不利的环境影响,包括向水圈释放硒。硒是人类、动物和微生物必需的营养素,但过量的硒是有毒的。本文介绍了南非选定燃煤电厂废水及燃煤电厂附近河水中溶解总硒的测定方法。采用经认证的标准物质(NIST SRM 1640a天然水微量元素),建立了一种灵敏、可靠的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定废水和河水中溶解总硒的方法。结果与鉴定值吻合,回收率在92 ~ 96%之间。方法检出限为0.13µg/L。来自Kriel和Lethabo电站的废水样品中的总硒浓度在4.86至8.53 μ g/L之间,来自Olifants和Wilge河的河水样品中的总硒浓度在2.63至8.20 μ g/L之间。这些结果表明,废水中的硒含量太低,不会对人类和牲畜的健康造成危害,但对水生生物构成环境威胁。河流样本中的低浓度也表明,南非选定的燃煤发电厂可能存在轻微的硒污染(涉及水生生物)。Duvha和Kendal发电厂可能存在轻微的硒污染(与水生生物有关),因为在这些选定的燃煤发电厂附近收集的河水样本中观察到硒含量从2-8微克/升增加。
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来源期刊
Water SA
Water SA 环境科学-水资源
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
46
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: WaterSA publishes refereed, original work in all branches of water science, technology and engineering. This includes water resources development; the hydrological cycle; surface hydrology; geohydrology and hydrometeorology; limnology; salinisation; treatment and management of municipal and industrial water and wastewater; treatment and disposal of sewage sludge; environmental pollution control; water quality and treatment; aquaculture in terms of its impact on the water resource; agricultural water science; etc. Water SA is the WRC’s accredited scientific journal which contains original research articles and review articles on all aspects of water science, technology, engineering and policy. Water SA has been in publication since 1975 and includes articles from both local and international authors. The journal is issued quarterly (4 editions per year).
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