Neuro-Ophthalmic Literature Review

Abstract

Neuro-Ophthalmic Literature Review David A. Bellows, Noel C.Y. Chan, John J. Chen , Hui-Chen Cheng, Peter W MacIntosh, Collin McClelland, Michael S. Vaphiades, Konrad P. Weber, and Xiaojun Zhang The Medical Eye Center, Manchester, New Hampshire, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital & Alice Ho Miu Ling Nethersole Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Departments of Ophthalmology and Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Illinois Ear and Eye Infirmary, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, UAB Callahan Eye Hospital, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Neurology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Hebei, China Analysis of facial features of patients with sagging eye syndrome and intermittent exotropia compared to controls Kunimi K, Goseki T, Fukaya K, Takahashi S, Ishikawa E, et al. Analysis of facial features of patients with sagging eye syndrome and intermittent exotropia compared to controls. Am J Ophthalmol 18 October 2022;S0002-9394(22)00391–9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.10.007. Online ahead of print. Frontal facial photographs of patients who were greater than 60 years of age and had been diagnosed with sagging eye syndrome or intermittent exotropia were evaluated for three characteristics including sunken upper eyelids, blepharoptosis and baggy lower eyelids. The patients were compared to normal controls and a scoring system was used to grade the degree of these three characteristics. A total of 86 patients were included in the study. Of these, 23 were diagnosed with sagging eye syndrome, 28 were diagnosed with intermittent exotropia and 35 were in the control group. All patients were Japanese. The authors noted that only sunken upper eyelids, as opposed to blepharoptosis and baggy lower eyelids, were significantly associated with sagging eye syndrome. This contrasts with previous reports of sagging eye syndrome being associated with blepharoptosis. They also report that baggy lower eyelids were significantly associated with intermittent exotropia. A detailed description is provided of the pathological changes that occur within the orbit leading to these two disorders. David Bellows Serial titre and seroconversion in paediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody