Use of Animal Information and Trait Preferences for Making Breeding Decisions on Smallholder Dairy Farms

B. Bett, B. Bebe
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

ABSTRACT Smallholder dairy farmers aim to maximize the proportion of potentially high milk yielding dairy genotypes in their herds as a breeding strategy to increase milk production for home consumption and cash income. This study describes how farmers aiming at attaining increased milk yield practice animal identification and recording; source breeding stock; determine animal performance and the usefulness of such information; and preferences that farmers express for specific traits when choosing a sire or a dam for mating. Data on these parameters was obtained through a stratified random sampling survey in milk deficit and milk surplus regions. Data were analysed using descriptive, non-parametric test statistics and logistic regression modelling. Cattle identification was predominantly by naming and rarely by ear tagging, while cattle recording was predominantly on production and breeding history of the stock. Farmers obtained their replacement stock from farm reared cattle and from fellow farmers. Breeding sires came from own reared bulls and fellow farmers while artificial insemination (AI) was rarely used. Cattle information was mainly obtained from fellow farmers and farmers were more interested in knowing about the breed, breeder and performance history of dams or sires of dairy cattle than the progeny history. The traits of highest preference when selecting dams were milk yield and fertility while sires were chosen depending on their fertility and body conformation and milk yield of their progeny. Extension services and dairy development interventions should emphasize the contribution of cattle records in informing breeding decisions. To increase the uptake of AI will require innovation in service delivery including involving various farmer groups such as the dairy hubs and cooperative movements. There are business opportunities to repackage artificial insemination service delivery systems to satisfy the unmet demand for replacement heifers.
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动物信息和性状偏好在小农奶牛场育种决策中的应用
小农奶农的目标是最大限度地提高奶牛群中潜在高产奶量基因型的比例,作为一种育种策略,以增加家庭消费和现金收入的牛奶产量。本研究描述了农民如何以提高产奶量为目标进行动物鉴定和记录;源种畜;确定动物生产性能和这些信息的有用性;以及农民在选择配偶或配偶时对特定性状的偏好。这些参数的数据是通过分层随机抽样调查在牛奶不足和牛奶过剩地区。数据分析采用描述性、非参数检验统计和逻辑回归模型。牛的鉴定主要是通过命名,很少使用耳标,而牛的记录主要是根据牲畜的生产和育种历史。农民从农场饲养的牛和其他农民那里获得替代牲畜。繁殖品种来自自己饲养的公牛和其他农民,而人工授精(AI)很少使用。牛的信息主要从农民同伴那里获得,农民对奶牛的品种、饲养员和生产历史的了解比对后代历史的了解更感兴趣。选择母鼠时最优先考虑的性状是产奶量和育肥力,而选择母鼠时则根据母鼠的育肥力、体型和后代的产奶量进行选择。推广服务和乳业发展干预措施应强调牛的记录在为育种决策提供信息方面的贡献。要增加人工智能的应用,就需要在服务提供方面进行创新,包括让各种农民团体(如乳制品中心和合作社运动)参与进来。有商业机会重新包装人工授精服务交付系统,以满足对替代小母牛的未满足需求。
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