Chromosome instability in somaclones of a Triticum crassum × Hordeum vulgare hybrid

G. Fedak, J. Grainger
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引用次数: 16

Abstract

Immature inflorescence culture and subsequent plant regeneration was practiced for four successive cycles using a Triticum crassum × Hordeum vulgare hybrid cultured on Kao's medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (5 mg/mL). In one line, chromosomal mixoploidy was observed among both mitotic and meiotic cells. Variation in chromosome number of 20 to 98 was observed in mitotic and 14 to 68 among meiocytes in the first cycle regenerants. The range in chromosome number decreased in subsequent regeneration cycles. Fragmented chromosomes were observed at low frequencies in both groups of cells. The high frequency of univalents at meiosis was attributed to possible elimination of chromosomes carrying meiotic pairing control genes.Key words: somaclonal variation, hybrids (intergeneric), tissue culture, chromosomal mixoploidy.
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黑麦与黑麦杂种体细胞无性系的染色体不稳定性
在添加2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(5 mg/mL)的花王培养基上培养一株小麦(Triticum crassum × Hordeum vulgare),连续4个周期进行未成熟花序培养和植株再生。在一个细胞系中,有丝分裂细胞和减数分裂细胞中都观察到染色体混合倍体。有丝分裂细胞染色体数为20 ~ 98,减数细胞染色体数为14 ~ 68。在随后的再生周期中,染色体数目的变化幅度减小。在两组细胞中均观察到低频率的染色体碎片化。减数分裂时单价染色体的高频率是由于携带减数分裂配对控制基因的染色体可能被消除。关键词:体细胞无性系变异,杂种(属间),组织培养,染色体混倍性。
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