Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses Metastasis

Abstract

Introduction: Metastasis in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are rare. The most common tumor that produces them is clear cell renal carcinoma. The objective of the study is to determine the incidence of metastases in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses among malignant rhinosinusal tumors in our patient poblation and survival after rhinosinusal metastasis treatment. Methods: The medical records of all patients who had malignant rhinosinusal tumors diagnosed and treated in the hospital Italiano of Buenos Aires from 1989 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had metastases of primary neoplasms located outside the head were selected. Results: 67 patients with malignant tumors located in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were diagnosed and treated. Eight patients had metastases in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. All the patients at the time the metastasis was diagnosed had a controlled primary neoplasm. The treatments indicated were: Endonasal surgery with endoscopes with complete resection of the metastasis (3/8), radiotherapy (4/8), and chemo/radiotherapy (1/8). Only two patients who died from systemic metastases had persistent tumor in the paranasal sinuses (25%). Survival at one and two years was 75% and 25% respectively. Conclusions: The incidence of metastasis in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses among malignant neoplasms of the rhinosinusal region was 11.94%. Survival was poor, but the performed treatments had a high rate of local control and improved the quality of life of the patients.