Molecular Markers for Plant Variety Identification and Protection

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Abstract

The identification of varieties of crop plants is important for their registration, breeding, seed production, and trade. The traditional approach to variety identification involves analysis and recording of their morphological characters, which is less informative, highly influenced by environmental factors and time consuming. Availability of molecular markers in large number in all the major crops has opened new avenue for their utilization in plant variety identification and protection. Molecular markers have the advantage of not being influenced by the environment and thus stable. Development of software to analyze and characterize the molecular markers has enhanced the process significantly. It also helps in protecting Plant Breeders Right. The establishment of genome and transcriptome sequencing projects for crops has generated a huge wealth of sequence data that could find much use in identification of plants varieties. In this chapter molecular basis of variety identification and their protection has been discussed.
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植物品种鉴定与保护的分子标记
农作物品种的鉴定对其登记、育种、种子生产和贸易都很重要。传统的品种鉴定方法是对品种形态特征进行分析和记录,信息量小,受环境因素影响大,耗时长。分子标记在主要作物中的大量应用,为分子标记在植物品种鉴定和保护中的应用开辟了新的途径。分子标记的优点是不受环境的影响,因而比较稳定。用于分析和表征分子标记的软件的开发大大提高了这一过程。它还有助于保护植物育种者的权利。农作物基因组和转录组测序项目的建立已经产生了大量的序列数据,可以在植物品种鉴定中找到很多用途。本章讨论了品种鉴定的分子基础及其保护。
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