Recovery of iron and copper from copper tailings by coal-based direct reduction and magnetic separation

IF 3.1 2区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) Pub Date : 2017-10-01 DOI:10.1016/S1006-706X(17)30145-0

Chao Ceng , Hua-jun Wang , Wen-tao Hu , Li Li , Cheng-shuai Shi

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引用次数: 22

Abstract

A technique comprising coal-based direct reduction followed by magnetic separation was presented to recover iron and copper from copper slag flotation tailings. Optimal process parameters, such as reductant and additive ratios, reduction temperature, and reduction time, were experimentally determined and found to be as follows: a limestone ratio of 25%, a bitumite ratio of 30%, and reduction roasting at 1473 K for 90 min. Under these conditions, copper-bearing iron powders (CIP) with an iron content of 90.11% and copper content of 0.86%, indicating iron and copper recoveries of 87.25% and 83.44% respectively, were effectively obtained. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy of the CIP revealed that some tiny copper particles were embedded in metal iron and some copper formed alloy with iron, which was difficult to achieve the separation of these two metals. Thus, the copper went into magnetic products by magnetic separation. Adding copper into the steel can produce weathering steel. Therefore, the CIP can be used as an inexpensive raw material for weathering steel.

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煤基直接还原—磁选回收铜尾矿中的铁和铜

摘要采用煤基直接还原-磁选工艺回收铜渣浮选尾矿中的铁和铜。实验确定了还原剂与添加剂配比、还原温度、还原时间等最佳工艺参数:石灰石比为25%、烟煤比为30%、还原焙烧温度为1473 K、焙烧时间为90 min。在此条件下，可有效获得铁含量为90.11%、铜含量为0.86%的含铜铁粉，铁和铜的回收率分别为87.25%和83.44%。CIP的扫描电镜和能谱分析表明，金属铁中嵌有微小的铜颗粒，部分铜与铁形成合金，难以实现两种金属的分离。这样，铜通过磁选进入磁性产物。在钢中加入铜可以生产耐候钢。因此，CIP可作为一种廉价的耐候钢原料。

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