[Inhibition of intimal hyperplasia in the zone of distal anastomosis in experiment on laboratory animals].

Abstract

Neointimal hyperplasia is one of the leading factors of thrombosis of arteriovenous shunts. Search for ways of inhibiting its development is currently an important task for vascular surgery. This study was aimed at investigating the periadventitial effect of paclitaxel on the development of neointimal hyperplasia in the area of an arterial anastomosis in an experiment on laboratory animals. The authors worked out and experimentally tested on laboratory animals a method of multicomponent pharmacologically active covering of the zone of a surgical anastomosis. The method consists in coating the zone of vascular anastomosis with a semitransparent membrane containing the cytostatic agent. Two months after the operation, we compared the findings of the histological examination of the anastomosis zone with and without application of the cytostatic agent. Owing to an external hydrophobic layer in the proposed method of application, no cytostatic action of the agent in the surrounding tissues was found, with the experimental specimens showing significantly decreased signs of neointimal hyperplasia and thrombosis as compared with the controls. The proposed technique of multicomponent covering of a surgical anastomosis with the cytostatic agent using a semitransparent membrane demonstrated efficacy and safety in an experiment and may be of interest for clinical studies in order to increase the duration of patency of vascular reconstruction zones.