A Review on Infectious Pathogens and Mode of Transmission

Abstract

The pathogen is a microorganism that is responsible for the infection. Specific pathogens cause specific infections with specific transmission cycles. Pathogens cause the diseases in humans as well as in animals. The life cycle of these pathogens includes growth phase, consolidation, and modification of structure, multiplication/ reproduction, spreading, and infection of a new host, which is called the development of the pathogen. The transmission of pathogens from present to future host follows a repeating cycle which can be simple or complex, where transmission occurs through multiple host/vectors which are known as a transmission cycle of disease. To prevent the infections, the transmission cycles of particular pathogen must be understood. In the present review, we focus on the pathogen development mechanisms in association with the host, symptoms and signs of infection of pathogens, and their transmission routes.