Human-Generated Power for Mobile Electronics

Thad Starner, J. Paradiso
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引用次数: 188

Abstract

Since the 1990’s, mobile computing has transformed its penetration from niche markets and early prototypes to ubiquity. Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) evolved from GRiD’s PalmPad and Apple’s Newton in 1993 to the Palm, Handspring, and Microsoft-based models that support the multi-billion dollar industry today. While BellSouth/IBM’s Simon may have been the only mobile phone to offer e-mail connectivity in 1994, almost every modern mobile phone provides data services today. Portable digital music players have replaced cassette and CD-based systems, and these “MP3 players” are evolving into portable repositories for music videos, movies, photos, and personal information such as e-mail. Laptops, which were massive and inconvenient briefcase devices in the late 1980’s, now outsell desktops. Yet all these devices still have a common, difficult problem to overcome: power. This chapter will review trends in mobile computing over the past decade and describe how batteries affect design tradeoffs for mobile device manufacturers. This analysis leads to an interesting question: is there an alternative to batteries? Although the answer has many components that range from power management through energy storage [142], the bulk of this chapter will overview the history and state-of-the-art in harvesting power from the user to support body-worn mobile electronics.
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移动电子的人力发电
自20世纪90年代以来,移动计算已经从利基市场和早期原型转变为无处不在的渗透。个人数字助理(pda)从1993年的GRiD的PalmPad和苹果的Newton发展到Palm、Handspring和基于微软的型号,这些型号支持着今天数十亿美元的产业。1994年,南贝尔/IBM的西蒙可能是唯一一个提供电子邮件连接的手机,而今天几乎所有现代手机都提供数据服务。便携式数字音乐播放器已经取代了基于磁带和cd的系统,这些“MP3播放器”正在演变成便携式音乐视频、电影、照片和个人信息(如电子邮件)的存储库。在20世纪80年代末,笔记本电脑是一种笨重且不方便的公文包设备,现在销量超过了台式电脑。然而,所有这些设备仍然有一个共同的、难以克服的问题:电源。本章将回顾过去十年移动计算的趋势,并描述电池如何影响移动设备制造商的设计权衡。这一分析引出了一个有趣的问题:有没有电池的替代品?虽然答案有许多组件,从电源管理到能量存储[142],但本章的大部分内容将概述从用户收集电力以支持穿戴式移动电子设备的历史和最新技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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